Consumers have the power to influence conservation of marine fishes by selectively purchasing sustainably harvested species. Yet, this power is hindered by vague labeling and seafood fraud, which may mask market biodiversity and lead to inadvertent consumption of threatened species. Here, we investigate the repercussions of such labeling inaccuracies for one of the world's most highly prized families of fishes‐–the snappers (Family: Lutjanidae). By DNA barcoding 300 “snapper” samples collected from six countries, we show that the lax application of this umbrella term and widespread mislabeling (40%) conceal the identities of at least 67 species from 16 families in global marketplaces, effectively lumping taxa for sale that derive from an array of disparately managed fisheries and have markedly different conservation concerns. Bringing this trade into the open should compel a revision of international labeling and traceability policies, as well as enforcement measures, which currently allow such extensive biodiversity to be consumed unknowingly.

中文翻译：

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通用名称和标签错误掩盖了全球渔业市场中较高的物种多样性

消费者有能力通过有选择地购买可持续收获的物种来影响海洋鱼类的保护。然而，模糊的标签和海产品欺诈阻碍了这种力量，这可能掩盖了市场的生物多样性并导致了对受威胁物种的无意消费。在这里，我们调查了世界上最珍贵的鱼类之一-鲷鱼（家庭：Lutjanidae）这种标签不正确的影响。通过对从六个国家/地区收集的300个“鲷鱼”样本进行DNA条形码编码，我们表明，该保护伞术语的宽松应用和广泛的错误贴标签（占40％）掩盖了全球市场上来自16个科的至少67个物种的身份，有效地将了分类单元供出售它们来自一系列分散管理的渔业，并且在保护方面有明显不同。