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Bone Mechanical Properties in Healthy and Diseased States
Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering ( IF 12.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-06-04 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-062117-121139
Elise F Morgan 1 , Ginu U Unnikrisnan 1 , Amira I Hussein 1
Affiliation  

The mechanical properties of bone are fundamental to the ability of our skeletons to support movement and to provide protection to our vital organs. As such, deterioration in mechanical behavior with aging and/or diseases such as osteoporosis and diabetes can have profound consequences for individuals’ quality of life. This article reviews current knowledge of the basic mechanical behavior of bone at length scales ranging from hundreds of nanometers to tens of centimeters. We present the basic tenets of bone mechanics and connect them to some of the arcs of research that have brought the field to recent advances. We also discuss cortical bone, trabecular bone, and whole bones, as well as multiple aspects of material behavior, including elasticity, yield, fracture, fatigue, and damage. We describe the roles of bone quantity (e.g., density, porosity) and bone quality (e.g., cross-linking, protein composition), along with several avenues of future research.

中文翻译:



健康和患病状态下的骨机械特性



骨骼的机械特性对于骨骼支持运动和保护重要器官的能力至关重要。因此,随着衰老和/或骨质疏松症和糖尿病等疾病而导致的机械行为恶化可能会对个人的生活质量产生深远的影响。本文回顾了目前对数百纳米到数十厘米长度范围内骨骼基本机械行为的了解。我们介绍了骨力学的基本原理,并将它们与一些使该领域取得最新进展的研究弧线联系起来。我们还讨论皮质骨、骨小梁和整骨,以及材料行为的多个方面,包括弹性、屈服、断裂、疲劳和损伤。我们描述了骨量(例如密度、孔隙率)和骨质量(例如交联、蛋白质组成)的作用,以及未来研究的几种途径。

更新日期:2018-06-04
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