Laser scanning generates a point cloud from which geometries can be extracted, but most methods struggle to do this automatically, especially for the entirety of an architecturally complex building (as opposed to that of a single façade). To address this issue, this paper introduces the Improved Slicing Method (ISM), an innovative and computationally-efficient method for three-dimensional building segmentation. The method is also able to detect opening boundaries even on roofs (e.g. chimneys), as well as a building’s overall outer boundaries using a local density analysis technique. The proposed procedure is validated by its application to two architecturally complex, historic brick buildings. Accuracies of at least 86% were achieved, with computational times as little as 0.53 s for detecting features from a data set of 5.0 million points. The accuracy more than rivalled the current state of the art, while being up to six times faster and with the further advantage of requiring no manual intervention or reliance on a priori information.

激光扫描会生成一个点云，可以从该点云中提取几何形状，但是大多数方法都很难自动完成这一点，尤其是对于整个建筑复杂的建筑物（而不是单个立面）。为了解决这个问题，本文介绍了改进的切片方法（ISM），这是一种新颖且计算效率高的三维建筑物分割方法。该方法还能够使用局部密度分析技术检测甚至在屋顶（例如烟囱）上的开放边界以及建筑物的整体外部边界。通过将其应用于两座建筑复杂的历史悠久的砖砌建筑，可以验证所提出的程序。准确度至少达到86％，而从500万个点的数据集中检测特征所需的计算时间仅为0.53 s。