Micrometre-sized silicon materials can be potentially used in high-capacity lithium ion batteries, owing to their high volumetric energy density, ease of mass production, and low costs, as compared to those of silicon nanoparticles. However, they exhibit severe pulverisation and rapid capacity fading during cycling. Herein, we demonstrate a silicon composite, in microparticulate form, where polycrystalline Si particles were embedded in a SiOC matrix strengthened by the dispersion of SiC and Li₂SiO₃ nanocrystals. Such unique composite particles are successfully fabricated by a facile and scalable mechanical milling process of prelithiated Si microparticles in a CO₂ atmosphere. The dispersion-strengthening effect remarkably suppresses the lithiation-induced volume expansion and particle pulverization, and consequently alleviates the degradation of anodes upon cycling. As a result, a high specific capacity (1268 mA h g^-1 at 100 mA g^-1), a long-term cyclability (957 mA h g^-1 after 400 cycles), a good rate performance (895 mA h g^-1 at 1000 mA g^-1) and a high volumetric capacity (1268 mA h cm^-3) are achieved in the microparticle silicon composite anodes. The obtained results can be used to reasonably design micrometre-sized silicon anodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.

与硅纳米颗粒相比，由于微米级尺寸的硅材料体积能量密度高，易于批量生产以及成本低廉，因此可以潜在地用于高容量锂离子电池。然而，它们在循环过程中表现出严重的粉碎和快速的容量衰减。在本文中，我们展示了一种微粒形式的硅复合材料，其中多晶硅颗粒嵌入到通过SiC和Li ₂ SiO ₃纳米晶体的分散而增强的SiOC基质中。此类独特的复合颗粒是通过在CO ₂中使用预成块的Si微粒的便捷，可扩展的机械研磨工艺成功制造的气氛。分散增强作用显着抑制了锂化引起的体积膨胀和颗粒粉碎，因此减轻了阳极在循环时的降解。其结果，高的比容量（1268毫安ħ克^-1在100mA克^-1），长期循环性能（957毫安ħ克^-1 400次循环后），良好的倍率性能（895毫安汞柱^-1在1000在微粒硅复合阳极中获得了mA g ^-1）和高体积容量（1268 mA h cm ^-3）。获得的结果可用于合理设计用于高性能锂离子电池的微米级硅阳极。