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Simulating latrine conditions to assess perfume performance against malodour
Flavour and Fragrance Journal ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-04-16 , DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3450 Charles Jean-François Chappuis 1 , Robin Huber 1 , Yvan Niclass 1 , Christian Starkenmann 1
Flavour and Fragrance Journal ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-04-16 , DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3450 Charles Jean-François Chappuis 1 , Robin Huber 1 , Yvan Niclass 1 , Christian Starkenmann 1
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To evaluate perfume performance in toilets, we built model toilets in which critical factors such as background malodour, climate, and airflow were controlled. The models were equipped with an odour generator that injected hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, butyric acid, para‐cresol, and indole, allowing us to accurately and reliably reconstitute toilet malodour headspace. The malodorant concentrations matched the quantitative headspace analysis performed in African and Indian toilets. The toilet malodour headspace performance was validated by chemical and sensory analysis. Olfactory stimuli were presented to participants in different simulated climates to assess the effect of climate on the perception of odours. The sensory data show that increasing temperature and humidity decreased the intensity ratings of odours without altering their quality. Perfume can be delivered in these toilets by forced evaporation to control the headspace concentration, or by delivery systems such as cellulosic pads, liquids, and powders. Our experimental set‐up allowed us to establish dose–response curves to assess the performance of a perfume in reducing toilet malodour and increasing perceived pleasantness.
中文翻译：
模拟厕所条件以评估香水对恶臭的作用
为了评估厕所中的香水性能，我们建立了模型厕所，其中控制了诸如背景恶臭，气候和气流等关键因素。这些模型配备了气味发生器，可以注入硫化氢，甲硫醇，丁酸，对甲酚和吲哚，从而使我们能够准确，可靠地重现马桶恶臭的顶部空间。恶臭浓度与在非洲和印度厕所中进行的定量顶空分析相符。通过化学和感官分析验证了厕所恶臭的顶空性能。嗅觉刺激被呈现给不同模拟气候下的参与者，以评估气候对气味感知的影响。感官数据表明，温度和湿度的增加会降低气味的强度等级，而不会改变其质量。可以通过强制蒸发来控制顶部空间的浓度，或者通过诸如纤维素垫，液体和粉末的输送系统，在这些厕所中输送香水。我们的实验设置使我们能够建立剂量反应曲线，以评估香水在减少厕所恶臭和增加愉悦感方面的性能。
更新日期：2018-04-16
中文翻译：
模拟厕所条件以评估香水对恶臭的作用
为了评估厕所中的香水性能，我们建立了模型厕所，其中控制了诸如背景恶臭，气候和气流等关键因素。这些模型配备了气味发生器，可以注入硫化氢，甲硫醇，丁酸，对甲酚和吲哚，从而使我们能够准确，可靠地重现马桶恶臭的顶部空间。恶臭浓度与在非洲和印度厕所中进行的定量顶空分析相符。通过化学和感官分析验证了厕所恶臭的顶空性能。嗅觉刺激被呈现给不同模拟气候下的参与者，以评估气候对气味感知的影响。感官数据表明，温度和湿度的增加会降低气味的强度等级，而不会改变其质量。可以通过强制蒸发来控制顶部空间的浓度，或者通过诸如纤维素垫，液体和粉末的输送系统，在这些厕所中输送香水。我们的实验设置使我们能够建立剂量反应曲线，以评估香水在减少厕所恶臭和增加愉悦感方面的性能。
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