Situation perception represents the fulcrum of a “psychology of situations” because situation ratings are ubiquitous. However, no systematic research program exists so far, particularly because two competing traditions have not been integrated: Objectivist views stress situations’ consensually shared meanings (social reality), and subjectivist views idiosyncratic meanings (personal reality). A componential framework can disentangle social from personal reality in situation perceptions: When multiple perceivers (P) rate multiple situations (S) on multiple situation characteristics (C), variance in those ratings can be decomposed according to S × C, P × S, and P × C breakdowns. Six grand questions of situation perception research are spawned from these decompositions: complexity, similarity, assimilation, consensus, uniqueness, and accuracy. Analyses of real data are provided to exemplify our ideas, along with customizable R codes for all methods. A componential framework allows novel and unique insights into different questions surrounding situation perceptions and provides a coherent research agenda.

情境感知代表了“情境心理学”的支点，因为情境评级无处不在。但是，到目前为止，还没有系统的研究计划，特别是因为还没有整合两个相互竞争的传统：客观主义者认为情境的观点在双方同意下具有共同的意义（社会现实），而主观主义者则认为事物的特质意义（个人现实）。一个组成部分的框架可以在情境感知中使社会与个人现实脱节：当多个感知者（P）对多个情境特征（C）评估多个情境（S）时，可以根据S×C，P×S，和P×C故障。从这些分解中衍生出了六个关于情境感知研究的重大问题：复杂性，相似性，同化性，共识性，唯一性和准确性。提供了对真实数据的分析以例证我们的想法，以及所有方法的可定制R代码。一个组成部分的框架可以对围绕情境感知的不同问题提供新颖独特的见解，并提供一致的研究议程。