Here we present the descriptive and comparative study of two immature scapulae recovered from the TD6.2 level of the Gran Dolina cave site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain) and assigned to Homo antecessor. This is the first time that data on the morphology and dimensions of the scapulae of a European late Early Pleistocene hominin population are provided. Considering the state of development and the linear dimensions, the scapula ATD6-116 could belong to a child of about 2-4 years. The morphology of ATD6-116 clearly departs from that of the Australopithecus afarensis juvenile specimen DIK-1-1, pointing to functional differences in locomotor behavior between Australopithecus and the late Early Pleistocene hominins. The immature scapula ATD6-118 belonged to an immature individual with a development of the scapula equivalent to that of adolescents of recent human populations. The scapulae ATD6-118 and KNM-WT 15000 present a similar state of development. Although the scapula KNM-WT 15000 is clearly larger than ATD6-118, these two specimens share some characteristics such as their relative narrowness and the value of the axilloglenoid and spinoglenoid angles. The glenoid fossa of ATD6-116 show a lateral orientation, whereas in ATD6-118 the glenoid fossa is slightly cranially oriented, but still within the range of variation of modern humans. The glenoid index of both ATD6-116 and ATD6-118 is low in accordance to the values usually observed in other early hominins, thus showing the primitive condition for this feature. Both scapulae show a ventrally placed axillary sulcus. The presence of this primitive feature in ATD-116 confirms that the shape of the axillary border has a genetic basis and it is not related to physical activity.

中文翻译：

---

对Gran Dolina洞穴站点（西班牙塞拉利昂阿塔普尔卡）TD6.2高度的两个早更新世未成熟肩cap骨进行描述性比较研究。

在这里，我们介绍了从Gran Dolina洞穴遗址（西班牙塞拉利昂阿塔普尔卡）的TD6.2水平上回收的两个未成熟肩骨的描述性和比较性研究，这些肩骨被分配给同代人。这是第一次提供有关欧洲晚更新世人类激素种群的肩s骨形态和尺寸的数据。考虑到发育状况和线性尺寸，肩TD骨ATD6-116可能属于大约2-4岁的孩子。ATD6-116的形态明显不同于法氏古猿少年标本DIK-1-1，这表明古猿与晚更新世人类之间在运动行为上的功能差异。不成熟的肩cap骨ATD6-118属于一个不成熟的个体，其肩development骨的发育与最近人群的青少年相当。肩cap骨ATD6-118和KNM-WT 15000呈现相似的发展状态。尽管肩NM骨KNM-WT 15000明显比ATD6-118大，但这两个标本具有一些特征，例如它们的相对狭窄度以及轴颈和鼻盂角的值。ATD6-116的盂盂窝呈横向方向，而在ATD6-118中，盂盂窝略有颅骨方向，但仍在现代人类的变异范围内。根据其他早期人类素中通常观察到的值，ATD6-116和ATD6-118的关节盂指数均较低，因此显示了此功能的原始条件。两个肩骨均显示位于腹侧的腋沟。ATD-116中此原始功能的存在证实了腋窝边界的形状具有遗传基础，并且与身体活动无关。