A series of organophosphate-functionalized graphene oxide flame retardants (GPPBs) were successfully synthesized by grafting flexible phosphate ester (PPB) on the surface of graphene oxide (GO), and well characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) spectroscopy. The obtained GPPBs were then incorporated into amino resin to produce transparent fire-retardant coatings for reducing the fire hazard of wood. The transparency analysis shows that the GPPBs endow the resulting coatings with a high degree of transparency even at a relatively high GO contents due to the uniform dispersion and completely exfoliated states of GO in amino matrix. The evaluation of combustion behavior reveals that the introduction of GO greatly reduces the weight loss, char index, flame spread rating (FSR), smoke production and heat release of the coatings concomitant with an increase in the insulation property, for example, 60.7% reduction in smoke density rating (SDR) and 33.3% reduction in total heat release (THR) are observed in the case of MGPPB3 coating obtained from GPPB3 with 0.07 wt% GO in comparison to MGPPB0 coating obtained from PPB. Thermo-gravimetric analysis shows that the thermal stability and residual weight of the coatings are improved after introduction of GO, and MGPPB3 exhibits the highest residual weight of 34.5% at 700 °C. The main mechanism of the GPPBs for enhancing the fire safety of transparent fire-retardant coatings is ascribed to the formation of high-quality intumescent char with excellent compactness, anti-oxidation ability and barrier effect against fire.

通过将柔性磷酸酯（PPB）接枝到氧化石墨烯（GO）的表面上，成功合成了一系列有机磷酸酯官能化的氧化石墨烯阻燃剂（GPPBs），并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和¹ H核磁进行了表征。共振（¹1 H NMR）光谱。然后将获得的GPPB掺入氨基树脂中，制成透明的防火涂料，以减少木材的火灾隐患。透明度分析表明，由于GO在氨基基体中的均匀分散和完全剥落状态，即使在相对较高的GO含量下，GPPB仍能使所得涂层具有较高的透明度。燃烧性能的评估表明，GO的引入大大降低了涂料的重量损失，炭黑指数，火焰扩散等级（FSR），发烟和放热，同时提高了隔热性能，例如降低了60.7％。从GPPB3获得的MGPPB3涂层为0的情况下，烟雾密度等级（SDR）降低了33.3％，总热释放降低了33.3％。与从PPB获得的MGPPB0涂层相比，GO的含量为07重量％。热重分析表明，引入GO后，涂层的热稳定性和残余重量得到改善，MGPPB3在700°C时表现出34.5％的最高残余重量。GPPB增强透明防火涂料防火安全性的主要机理归因于形成具有优异的致密性，抗氧化能力和防火阻隔性的优质膨胀炭。