18F-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-ligand PET has several principal advantages over 68Ga-PSMA-11. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the frequency of non-tumor-related uptake and the detection efficacy comparing 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in recurrent prostate cancer (PC) patients. Methods: The study included 102 patients with biochemically recurrent PC after radical prostatectomy undergoing 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT imaging. On the basis of various clinical variables, patients with corresponding 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT scans were matched. All PET/CT scans (n = 204) were reviewed by 1 nuclear medicine physician. First, all PET-positive lesions were noted. Then, lesions suspected of being recurrent PC were differentiated from lesions attributed to a benign origin on the basis of known pitfalls and information from CT. For each region, the SUVmax of the lesion with the highest PSMA-ligand uptake was noted. Detection rates were determined, and SUVmax was compared separately for 68Ga-PSMA-11 and 18F-PSMA-1007. Results: In total, 18F-PSMA-1007 PET and 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET revealed 369 and 178 PSMA-ligand-positive lesions, respectively. 18F-PSMA-1007 PET revealed approximately 5 times more lesions attributed to a benign origin than did 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET (245 vs. 52 lesions, respectively). The benign lesions most frequently observed were ganglia, unspecific lymph node, and bone lesions, at a rate of 43%, 31%, and 24% for 18F-PSMA-1007 PET and 29%, 42%, and 27% for 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET, respectively. The SUVmax of lesions attributed to a benign origin was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) for 18F-PSMA-1007 PET. Further, a similar number of lesions was attributed to recurrent PC (124/369 for 18F-PSMA-1007 PET and 126/178 for 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET). Conclusion: The number of lesions with increased PSMA-ligand uptake attributed to a benign origin is considerably higher for 18F-PSMA-1007 PET than for 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET. This finding indicates the need for sophisticated reader training emphasizing known pitfalls and reporting within the clinical context.

中文翻译：

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68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT 和 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT 的配对比较：根治性前列腺切除术后生化复发的缺陷频率和检测效率。

与 68Ga-PSMA-11 相比，18F 标记的前列腺特异性膜抗原 (PSMA)-配体 PET 具有几个主要优点。这项回顾性研究的目的是评估非肿瘤相关摄取的频率以及比较 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT 和 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT 在复发性前列腺癌 (PC) 患者中的检测效果。方法：该研究纳入了 102 名接受 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT 成像的根治性前列腺切除术后生化复发的 PC 患者。根据各种临床变量，匹配具有相应 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT 扫描的患者。所有 PET/CT 扫描 (n = 204) 均由 1 位核医学医师审查。首先，记录所有 PET 阳性病变。然后，根据已知的缺陷和来自 CT 的信息，将怀疑为复发性 PC 的病变与归因于良性起源的病变区分开来。对于每个区域，记录了具有最高 PSMA 配体摄取的病变的 SUVmax。确定检测率，并分别比较 68Ga-PSMA-11 和 18F-PSMA-1007 的 SUVmax。结果：总共，18F-PSMA-1007 PET 和 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET 分别显示 369 和 178 个 PSMA 配体阳性病变。18F-PSMA-1007 PET 显示的良性病变是 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET 的约 5 倍（分别为 245 对 52 个病变）。最常见的良性病变是神经节、非特异性淋巴结和骨病变，18F-PSMA-1007 PET 分别为 43%、31% 和 24%，68Ga- PET 分别为 29%、42% 和 27%。 PSMA-11 PET，分别。对于 18F-PSMA-1007 PET，归因于良性起源的病变的 SUVmax 显着更高 (P < 0.0001)。此外，相似数量的病变归因于复发性 PC（18F-PSMA-1007 PET 为 124/369，68Ga-PSMA-11 PET 为 126/178）。结论：与 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET 相比，18F-PSMA-1007 PET 的 PSMA 配体摄取增加归因于良性来源的病灶数量显着高于 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET。这一发现表明需要进行复杂的读者培训，强调已知的陷阱和临床背景下的报告。18F-PSMA-1007 PET 与 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET 相比，由于良性来源而导致 PSMA 配体摄取增加的病变数量显着增加。这一发现表明需要进行复杂的读者培训，强调已知的陷阱和临床背景下的报告。18F-PSMA-1007 PET 与 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET 相比，由于良性来源而导致 PSMA 配体摄取增加的病变数量显着增加。这一发现表明需要进行复杂的读者培训，强调已知的陷阱和临床背景下的报告。