Although vivid memories of drug experiences are prevalent within clinical contexts and addiction folklore ("chasing the first high"), little is known about the relevance of cognitive processes governing memory retrieval to substance use disorder. Drawing on recent work that identifies episodic memory's influence on decisions for reward, we propose a framework in which drug choices are biased by selective sampling of individual memories during two phases of addiction: (i) downward spiral into persistent use and (ii) relapse. Consideration of how memory retrieval influences the addiction process suggests novel treatment strategies. Rather than try to break learned associations between drug cues and drug rewards, treatment should aim to strengthen existing and/or create new associations between drug cues and drug-inconsistent rewards.

中文翻译：

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《追第一高》：药物选择中的记忆采样

尽管对吸毒经历的生动记忆在临床背景和成瘾民间传说（“追逐最初的快感”）中很普遍，但人们对控制记忆检索的认知过程与物质使用障碍的相关性知之甚少。根据最近确定情景记忆对奖励决策的影响的工作，我们提出了一个框架，在该框架中，通过在成瘾的两个阶段对个体记忆进行选择性采样来使药物选择产生偏差：（i）螺旋式下降到持续使用和（ii）复发。考虑记忆检索如何影响成瘾过程，提出了新的治疗策略。治疗不应试图打破药物线索和药物奖励之间的习得关联，而应旨在加强药物线索和药物不一致奖励之间现有的和/或创建新的关联。