Carbon (C)-coated zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) having different sizes and morphologies were successfully synthesized by a flash combustion biomimetic approach using different contents of gelatin as the medium. Structural and vibrational studies indicate that the NPs are grown in a hexagonal wurtzite structure. The amount of gelatin content has a strong effect on the growth mechanism and the physical and optical properties. The presence of C in the ZnO was clearly confirmed by Raman analysis in which the Raman bands corresponding to the presence of C were observed at ∼ 1343 cm⁻¹ (G-band), 1580 cm⁻¹ (D-band), and 2700 cm⁻¹ (G′-band). At low concentrations, the NPs grew in the shape of spherical aggregates which arranged themselves in the form of a spherical flower-like structure. At 1 g of gelatin content, the spherical flower-like structure disappeared to be distributed at 3 g of gelatin content into a uniform planar spherical NP arrangement in the shape of a multi-aggregated cauliflower-like structure. At higher concentrations, the NPs rearranged themselves in the shape of a hexagonal disk or a prism-like structure. The band gap values were found to decrease with increasing gelatin content and were in the range of 3.18–3.26 eV, though it showed the dependency on the size, shape and presence of C in ZnO. Studies of the dielectric properties and ac conductivity on the prepared NPs were also carried out.

中文翻译：

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碳包覆ZnO的简便合成，光电介质研究：明胶的作用

通过快速燃烧仿生方法，使用不同含量的明胶作为介质，成功合成了具有不同尺寸和形貌的碳（C）涂层氧化锌（ZnO）纳米颗粒（NPs）。结构和振动研究表明，NPs以六方纤锌矿结构生长。明胶含量的数量对生长机理以及物理和光学性质有很大的影响。通过拉曼分析清楚地确认了ZnO中C的存在，其中在〜1343 cm ^-1（G波段），1580 cm ^-1（D波段）和2700处观察到了与C存在相对应的拉曼波段。厘米^-1（G'-band）。在低浓度下，NP以球形聚集体的形式生长，其以球形花状结构的形式排列。在1g明胶含量下，球形花状结构消失，而在3g明胶含量下以多聚集菜花状结构的形状分布成均匀的平面球形NP排列。在较高浓度下，NP以六边形盘或棱柱状结构的形状重新排列。发现带隙值随明胶含量的增加而降低，在3.18–3.26 eV的范围内，尽管它显示了对ZnO中C的大小，形状和存在的依赖性。还对制备的NP的介电性能和交流电导率进行了研究。