Taurine, an essential neutraceutical, has been reported to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Substantial evidence indicates that prolonged stress is one of the leading causes of psychological and physiological anomalies. Restraint stress (RS) rat model is the most widely used experimental model for the induction of chronic psycho-emotional stress. In the present study, Swiss albino male mice were restrained for 6 h/day for 28 consecutive days. Animals were divided into four groups: control, RS, RS + taurine, and taurine control group. Taurine, a potent antioxidant, was administered (200 mg/kg) orally along with RS for 28 days. The taurine intervention significantly restored the RS-induced neurobehavioral alterations evident by the elevated plus-maze, Morris water maze test, forced swim test, tail suspension test, and a sucrose preference test. Moreover, taurine significantly prevented hippocampal oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, and nitrite) and other neurochemical (acetylcholinesterase, and IL-1β) anomalies. Using western blotting analyses, we demonstrate that taurine treatment significantly ameliorated the alterations in Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, caspase-3, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) level in the hippocampus. Thus, Taurine effectively inhibited RS-induced oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis via a mechanism involving the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. In summary, our study is the first to demonstrate that NF-κB and caspase-3 inhibition, as well as BDNF augmentation, was involved in neuroprotective potential of taurine against RS-induced behavioural anomalies.

中文翻译：

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牛磺酸对小鼠反复束缚应激诱发的行为缺陷和海马异常的缓解作用。

牛磺酸是必需的营养保健品，据报道具有抗氧化和抗炎特性。大量证据表明，长时间的紧张是心理和生理异常的主要原因之一。约束压力（RS）大鼠模型是诱导慢性心理情绪压力的最广泛使用的实验模型。在本研究中，瑞士白化病雄性小鼠连续28天每天被约束6小时/天。将动物分为四组：对照组，RS，RS +牛磺酸和牛磺酸对照组。牛磺酸（一种有效的抗氧化剂）与RS一起口服（200 mg / kg）给药28天。牛磺酸干预可显着恢复RS诱发的神经行为改变，如正负迷宫升高，莫里斯水迷宫测试，强迫游泳测试，尾巴悬吊测试，和蔗糖偏好测试。此外，牛磺酸可显着预防海马氧化应激（脂质过氧化，减少谷胱甘肽和亚硝酸盐）和其他神经化学异常（乙酰胆碱酯酶和IL-1β）。使用蛋白质印迹分析，我们证明牛磺酸治疗显着改善了海马中脑源性神经营养因子，caspase-3和核因子κ-轻链增强剂激活的B细胞（NF-κB）水平的变化。因此，牛磺酸通过涉及抑制NF-κB信号通路的机制有效地抑制了RS诱导的氧化应激，神经炎症和细胞凋亡。总之，我们的研究是第一个证明NF-κB和caspase-3抑制以及BDNF增强的研究，