Although more than 80% of children with cancer will survive 5 years after diagnosis, long-term survivors of childhood cancer have an elevated risk of morbidity and early mortality due to late effects of their prior cancer therapy.¹ Knowledge of the link between therapeutic exposures and late effects has informed upfront childhood cancer treatment. Contemporary protocols use risk stratification to deintensify therapy for patients at low risk of treatment failure or recurrence, with the goal of limiting radiotherapy dose and fields and reducing cumulative anthracycline and alkylator chemotherapy exposures whenever possible to decrease late effects.

中文翻译：

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注意儿童癌症幸存者的差距。

尽管超过80％的癌症儿童在诊断后可以生存5年，但是由于长期的儿童癌症幸存者患上了先前的癌症治疗方法，因此其发病和早期死亡的风险较高。¹关于治疗暴露与晚期效应之间联系的知识已为儿童早期癌症治疗提供了信息。现代协议使用风险分层来降低对治疗失败或复发风险低的患者的强化治疗，其目标是限制放射治疗的剂量和范围，并尽可能减少蒽环类和烷烃类药物的累积暴露量，以减少后期影响。