OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and global and local brain volumes. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS We studied 2103 adults (21-84 years old) from 2 independent population-based cohorts (Study of Health in Pomerania, examinations from June 25, 2008, through September 30, 2012). Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured using peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), oxygen uptake at the anaerobic threshold (VO2@AT), and maximal power output from cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a bicycle ergometer. Magnetic resonance imaging brain data were analyzed by voxel-based morphometry using regression models with adjustment for age, sex, education, smoking, body weight, systolic blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin level, and intracranial volume. RESULTS Volumetric analyses revealed associations of CRF with gray matter (GM) volume and total brain volume. After multivariable adjustment, a 1-standard deviation increase in VO2peak was related to a 5.31 cm³ (95% CI, 3.27 to 7.35 cm³) higher GM volume. Whole-brain voxel-based morphometry analyses revealed significant positive relations between CRF and local GM volumes. The VO2peak was strongly associated with GM volume of the left middle temporal gyrus (228 voxels), the right hippocampal gyrus (146 voxels), the left orbitofrontal cortex (348 voxels), and the bilateral cingulate cortex (68 and 43 voxels). CONCLUSION Cardiorespiratory fitness was positively associated with GM volume, total brain volume, and specific GM and white matter clusters in brain areas not primarily involved in movement processing. These results, from a representative population sample, suggest that CRF might contribute to improved brain health and might, therefore, decelerate pathology-specific GM decrease.

中文翻译：

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普通人群的颞，额和小脑区域的心肺适应性和灰质体积。

目的分析心肺适应性（CRF）与整体和局部脑容量之间的关系。参与者与方法我们研究了来自2个独立人群（Pomerania的健康研究，从2008年6月25日至2012年9月30日的检查）的2103名成年人（21-84岁）。使用峰值吸氧量（VO2peak），无氧阈值下的吸氧量（VO2 @ AT）和自行车测功机上的心肺运动测试输出的最大功率来测量心脏的呼吸适应性。通过基于体素的形态计量学，使用回归模型对磁共振成像的大脑数据进行了分析，并对年龄，性别，教育程度，吸烟，体重，收缩压，糖化血红蛋白水平和颅内体积进行了调整。结果体积分析显示CRF与灰质（GM）体积和总脑体积相关。经过多变量调整后，VO2peak的1-标准偏差增加与GM体积增加5.31cm³（95％CI，3.27至7.35cm³）有关。基于全脑体素的形态分析表明，CRF与局部GM量之间存在显着的正相关。VO2peak与左中颞回（228体素），右海马回（146体素），左眶额叶皮层（348体素）和双侧扣带回皮层（68和43体素）的GM量密切相关。结论心脏呼吸适应度与不参与运动过程的大脑区域的GM量，总脑容量以及特定的GM和白质簇呈正相关。这些结果，