The versatile use of biopigments in food, feed, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and analytical industries emphasized to find different and renewable sources of biopigments. Microalgae, including cyanobacteria, are becoming a potential candidate for pigment production as these have fast-growing ability, high pigment content, highly variable and also have "Generally recognized as safe" status. These algal groups are known to produce different metabolites that include hormones, vitamins, biopolythene and biochemicals. We discuss here the potential use of microalgal biopigments in our daily life as well as in food and cosmetic industries. Pigment like carotenoids has many health benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties and also provide photo-protection against UV radiation. This review details the effect of various abiotic and biotic factors such as temperature, light, nutrition on maximizing the pigment content in the microalgal cell. This review also highlights the potential of microalgae, whether in present native or engineered strain including the many metabolic strategies which are used or can be used to produce a higher amount of these valuable biopigments. Additionally, future challenges in the context of pigment production have also been discussed.

中文翻译：

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通过代谢和基因工程提高微藻生物色素的生产。

生物色素在食品，饲料，化妆品，制药和分析行业中的广泛使用强调了寻找不同的和可再生的生物色素来源。微藻，包括蓝细菌，正成为颜料生产的潜在候选者，因为它们具有快速生长的能力，高颜料含量，高度可变并且还具有“公认的安全”状态。已知这些藻类会产生不同的代谢产物，包括激素，维生素，生物聚乙烯和生物化学物质。我们在这里讨论微藻生物色素在我们日常生活以及食品和化妆品行业中的潜在用途。像类胡萝卜素这样的颜料具有许多健康益处，例如抗氧化剂，抗炎特性，并且还提供针对紫外线辐射的光防护。这篇综述详细介绍了各种非生物和生物因素（例如温度，光照，营养）对最大程度地增加微藻细胞中色素含量的影响。该综述还强调了微藻的潜力，无论是在当前的天然还是工程菌株中，包括用于或可用于生产大量这些有价值的生物色素的许多代谢策略。另外，还讨论了颜料生产方面的未来挑战。