Abstract Polymer-matrix composite structures with both self-monitoring and self-healing properties are proposed using a dual-material additive manufacturing technique. A double-nozzle three-dimensional (3D) printer system was adopted to fabricate these composite structures. A thermoplastic matrix with healing-agent containers was printed using one of the nozzles. The continuous carbon fibers, serving as both a sensory element and reinforcement, were embedded into the thermoplastic matrix using the other nozzle. The feasibility and effectiveness of the structures were verified through compression and three-point bending tests. Real-time self-monitoring of structural damage was performed using electrical resistance measurements. The results demonstrated that addition of 2120 Epoxy Cure agent and 2000 Epoxy Resin agent into the polymer matrix could help to repair the structural damage, with average healing efficiencies of 27.84% for non-reinforced specimens and 30.15% for fiber-reinforced specimens. In addition, digital image correlation (DIC) was utilized to analyze the reinforcing mechanism and failure behavior of the 3D printed thermoplastic composite structures reinforced with continuous carbon fibers. Integration of continuous carbon fibers and healing agents within the polymer matrix can create smart structures that can not only monitor their own structural health state, but also repair structural damage.

中文翻译：

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采用双材料三维打印技术的集成自监测和自修复连续碳纤维增强热塑性结构

摘要 使用双材料增材制造技术提出了具有自监测和自修复特性的聚合物-基体复合结构。采用双喷嘴三维（3D）打印机系统来制造这些复合结构。使用其中一个喷嘴打印带有愈合剂容器的热塑性基质。使用另一个喷嘴将连续碳纤维作为感官元件和增强材料嵌入热塑性基质中。通过压缩和三点弯曲试验验证了结构的可行性和有效性。使用电阻测量进行结构损坏的实时自我监测。结果表明，在聚合物基体中加入2120环氧树脂固化剂和2000环氧树脂固化剂有助于修复结构损伤，非增强试样的平均愈合率为27.84%，纤维增强试样的平均愈合率为30.15%。此外，利用数字图像相关性 (DIC) 来分析连续碳纤维增强的 3D 打印热塑性复合材料结构的增强机制和失效行为。将连续碳纤维和修复剂整合到聚合物基质中可以创建智能结构，不仅可以监控自身结构的健康状态，还可以修复结构损坏。利用数字图像相关性 (DIC) 来分析用连续碳纤维增强的 3D 打印热塑性复合材料结构的增强机制和失效行为。将连续碳纤维和修复剂整合到聚合物基质中可以创建智能结构，不仅可以监控自身结构的健康状态，还可以修复结构损坏。利用数字图像相关性 (DIC) 来分析用连续碳纤维增强的 3D 打印热塑性复合材料结构的增强机制和失效行为。将连续碳纤维和修复剂整合到聚合物基质中可以创建智能结构，不仅可以监控自身的结构健康状态，还可以修复结构损坏。