BACKGROUND Styrax tonkinensis is an economic tree species with high timber, medicine, oil, and ornamental value. Its seed, containing a particularly high oil content, are widely studied for their biodiesel properties by nutritional components and oil body ultrastructure. However, their comprehensive biochemical compositions have not been studied. METHODS During S. tonkinensis kernel development, we collected samples from four time points for metabolite profiling and classification through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS A total of 187 and 1556 metabolites were obtained, respectively. All of the metabolites were grouped into 19 and 21 classes by their chemical properties and into 8 clusters based on their change trends, respectively. Among all the metabolites, carboxylic acids and derivatives, flavonoids, fatty acyls, glycerophospholipids, organooxygen compounds, prenol lipids, and steroids and steroid derivatives were the main components. Alanine, glutamine, tryptophan, tyrosine and valine were the five most abundant amino acids. Palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid were the four major free fatty acids. Flavans, flavonoid glycosides and o-methylated flavonoids were the three major flavonoids. The differential metabolites distributions between different time points were identified. A pathway enrichment was performed, which was mainly focused on three groups, amino acids metabolism, carbon flow from sucrose to lipid and secondary metabolites biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS It's the first time to analyze the metabolite fingerprinting for developing S. tonkinensis kernels and identify varied kinds of flavonoids. We performed metabolite profiling, classification and pathway enrichment to assess the comprehensive biochemical compositions. Our results described the change in major metabolites and main metabolic processes during S. tonkinensis kernel development and provided a variety of bases for seed applications as biofuel or medicine.

中文翻译：

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发育中的太白菊籽粒的代谢物谱分析和分类。

背景技术太极戟是具有高木材，药物，油和观赏价值的经济树种。通过营养成分和油体超微结构，广泛研究了其含油量特别高的种子的生物柴油特性。但是，尚未研究其全面的生化组成。方法在桑氏链霉菌核发育过程中，我们从四个时间点收集样品，通过气相色谱-质谱和液相色谱-质谱法对代谢物进行谱分析和分类。结果分别获得了187种和1556种代谢产物。根据其化学性质，所有代谢物分别分为19类和21类，并根据它们的变化趋势分为8类。在所有代谢产物中 羧酸和衍生物，类黄酮，脂肪酰基，甘油磷脂，有机氧化合物，早搏酚脂质以及类固醇和类固醇衍生物是主要成分。丙氨酸，谷氨酰胺，色氨酸，酪氨酸和缬氨酸是五个最丰富的氨基酸。棕榈酸，硬脂酸，油酸和亚油酸是四种主要的游离脂肪酸。黄酮，类黄酮糖苷和邻甲基化类黄酮是三大主要类黄酮。确定了不同时间点之间的差异代谢物分布。进行了一条途径富集，主要集中在三类：氨基酸代谢，从蔗糖到脂质的碳流量以及次生代谢物的生物合成。结论这是首次分析代谢物指纹图谱以开发S。tonkinensis仁，并鉴定出各种黄酮类化合物。我们进行了代谢物分析，分类和途径富集，以评估全面的生化成分。我们的结果描述了S. tonkinensis内核发育过程中主要代谢物和主要代谢过程的变化，并为种子应用作为生物燃料或药物提供了多种基础。