Abstract Haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.) is a recently commercialized fruit crop in Canada. Berries of four cultivars, Aurora, Rebecca, Larissa, and Evie, were harvested at five harvesting dates (H1-H5) and assessed for their polyphenol composition and anti-diabetic potential in vitro. The analyses revealed that the interaction effect of cultivar and harvesting date influenced the concentration of anthocyanins. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside represents about 79 % of total anthocyanins present in ripened haskap berries. Total anthocyanins estimated by a non-destructive method showed a strong correlation for quantified anthocyanin by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS), indicating the potential application of the non-destructive method for deciding the berry maturity for mechanical harvesting of haskap berry for value-added processing. Extracts derived from five maturity stages of four cultivars showed anti-diabetic properties including inhibition of activities of alpha-amylase (IC50 ranges from 2380 to 5080 μg/mL), alpha-glucosidase (IC50 ranges from 1130 to 2120 μg/mL), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4, IC50 ranges from 2150 to 11,600 μg/mL), and formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE, IC50 ranges from 1200 to 4790 μg/mL) in vitro. Though the impact of harvesting date on polyphenol composition is very distinct, the extracts of late harvesting date (H5) reduced the anti-diabetic activities in vitro only in Aurora and Larisa cultivars. Inhibition of DPP-4 and AGE formation dependent on cultivar and harvesting date. Haskap berry warrants further investigation as a dietary therapeutic to manage type 2 diabetes.

中文翻译：

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Haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.) 浆果的多酚组成和体外抗糖尿病特性与品种和收获日期的关系

摘要 Haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.) 是加拿大最近商业化的水果作物。在五个收获日期 (H1-H5) 收获了四个品种 Aurora、Rebecca、Larissa 和 Evie 的浆果，并评估了它们的多酚成分和体外抗糖尿病潜力。分析表明，品种和收获日期的交互作用影响了花青素的浓度。Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside 占成熟的 Haskap 浆果中总花青素的 79%。通过非破坏性方法估计的总花青素与液相色谱-质谱法 (UPLC-ESI-MS) 定量分析的花青素有很强的相关性，表明非破坏性方法在决定机械收获的浆果成熟度方面具有潜在的应用价值用于增值加工的浆果。来自四个品种五个成熟阶段的提取物显示出抗糖尿病特性，包括抑制 α-淀粉酶（IC50 范围为 2380 至 5080 μg/mL）、α-葡萄糖苷酶（IC50 范围为 1130 至 2120 μg/mL）、二肽peptidase-4（DPP-4，IC50 范围为 2150 至 11,600 μg/mL），并在体外形成晚期糖基化终产物（AGE，IC50 范围为 1200 至 4790 μg/mL）。虽然收获日期对多酚组成的影响非常明显，但晚收获日期 (H5) 的提取物仅在 Aurora 和 Larisa 栽培品种中降低了体外抗糖尿病活性。DPP-4 和 AGE 形成的抑制取决于栽培品种和收获日期。Haskap 浆果作为治疗 2 型糖尿病的饮食疗法值得进一步研究。