Natural and waste waters pollution by nitrates is considered a major environmental problem due to the possible consequences on human health and on water bodies through eutrophication phenomenon. Hazelnut shell were employed as packing material in a large lab-scale column for the removal of nitrate from wastewaters, comparing the process performances with those obtained in batch system. A nitrate removal efficiency up to about 67% was observed in batch mode at low pH and with a sorbent mass concentration of 8 g/L with 0.5 mm size. A lower (62%) nitrate removal efficiency was observed at large lab-scale column, though notable volumes of effluents (60–200 L, depending on the inlet flow-rate) were successfully treated with a bed height of 30 cm and a sorbent mass of 590 g. Non-linear regression of batch equilibrium data using Langmuir, Freundlich and SIPS models allowed to estimate the isotherm parameters, subsequently used in a mass transfer dynamic model to fit the experimental data. The regressed film mass transfer coefficient k_f, at six different inlet flowrate values were elaborated for the estimation of the characteristic parameters of the empirical correlation between Sherwood, Reynolds and Schmidt numbers. Furthermore, the pressure drop along the column was calculated and the Ergun and Carman equations were employed for the estimation of the empirical friction parameters.

由于富营养化现象可能对人体健康和水体造成影响，因此硝酸盐对自然和废水的污染被认为是一个主要的环境问题。在大型实验室规模的色谱柱中，采用榛子壳作为填料，用于去除废水中的硝酸盐，并将其处理性能与分批处理系统的性能进行了比较。在低pH且吸附剂质量浓度为8 g / L，尺寸为0.5 mm的情况下，在间歇模式下观察到的硝酸盐去除效率高达约67％。在大型实验室规模的色谱柱上观察到较低的硝酸盐去除效率（62％），尽管在床高为30 cm和吸附剂的情况下成功处理了显着量的废水（60–200 L，取决于入口流速） 590克的质量。使用Langmuir对批次平衡数据进行非线性回归，Freundlich和SIPS模型允许估算等温线参数，随后将其用于传质动力学模型中以拟合实验数据。回归膜的传质系数k _f，在六个不同的入口流量值被精心设计，以估算舍伍德数，雷诺数和施密特数之间的经验相关性的特征参数。此外，计算了沿色谱柱的压降，并使用Ergun和Carman方程估算经验摩擦参数。