BACKGROUND Some of the spore-forming strains of Bacillus probiotics are marketed commercially as they survive harsh gastrointestinal conditions and bestow health benefits to the host. RESULTS We report the composite genome of Bacillus clausii ENTPro from a commercially available probiotic Enterogermina® and compare it with the genomes of other Bacillus probiotics. We find that the members of B. clausii species harbor high heterogeneity at the species as well as genus level. The genes conferring resistance to chloramphenicol, streptomycin, rifampicin, and tetracycline in the B. clausii ENTPro strain could be identified. The genes coding for the bacteriocin gallidermin, which prevents biofilm formation in the pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis, were also identified. KEGG Pathway analysis suggested that the folate biosynthesis pathway, which depicts one of the important roles of probiotics in the host, is conserved completely in B. subtilis and minimally in B. clausii and other probiotics. CONCLUSIONS We identified various antibiotic resistance, bacteriocins, stress-related, and adhesion-related domains, and industrially-relevant pathways, in the genomes of these probiotic bacteria that are likely to help them survive in the harsh gastrointestinal tract, facilitating adhesion to host epithelial cells, persistence during antibiotic treatment and combating bacterial infections.

中文翻译：

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可作为Enterogermina®购得的益生菌克劳氏芽孢杆菌的复合基因组序列，并深入了解其益生菌性质。

背景技术芽孢杆菌益生菌的一些形成孢子的菌株在严峻的胃肠道条件下存活并赋予宿主健康有益，因此它们已经商业化销售。结果我们报告了来自商业益生菌Enterogermina®的克劳氏芽孢杆菌ENTPro的复合基因组，并将其与其他芽孢杆菌益生菌的基因组进行了比较。我们发现B. clausii物种的成员在物种以及属水平上都具有很高的异质性。可以鉴定在克劳氏芽孢杆菌ENTPro菌株中赋予氯霉素，链霉素，利福平和四环素抗性的基因。还鉴定了编码细菌素galidermin的基因，该基因阻止了金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌的生物膜形成。KEGG途径分析表明，叶酸生物合成途径（描述了益生菌在宿主中的重要作用之一）在枯草芽孢杆菌中完全保守，而在克劳氏芽孢杆菌和其他益生菌中则最少。结论我们在这些益生菌的基因组中鉴定了各种抗生素抗性，细菌素，应激相关和粘附相关结构域以及与工业相关的途径，这些途径可能有助于它们在恶劣的胃肠道中生存，从而促进其与宿主上皮的粘附细胞，抗生素治疗期间的持久性和抵抗细菌感染。