Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with brain mitochondrial dysfunction. High-energy phosphates (HEPs), which rely on mitochondrial functioning, may be considered potential biomarkers for PD. Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) is a suitable tool to explore in vivo cerebral energetics. We considered 10 31P-MRS studies in order to highlight the main findings about brain energetic compounds in patients affected by idiopathic PD and genetic PD. The studies investigated several brain areas such as frontal lobes, occipital lobes, temporoparietal cortex, visual cortex, midbrain, and basal ganglia. Resting-state studies reported contrasting results showing decreased as well as normal or increased HEPs levels in PD patients. Functional studies revealed abnormal PCr + βATP levels in PD subjects during the recovery phase and abnormal values at rest, during activation and recovery in one PD subject with PINK1 gene mutation suggesting that mitochondrial machinery is more impaired in PD patients with PINK1 gene mutation. PD is characterized by energetics impairment both in idiopathic PD as well as in genetic PD, suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction underlies the disease. Studies are still sparse and sometimes contrasting, maybe due to different methodological approaches. Further studies are needed to better assess the role of mitochondria in the PD development.

中文翻译：

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特发性和遗传性帕金森氏病的体内线粒体功能。

帕金森氏病（PD）与脑线粒体功能障碍有关。依赖于线粒体功能的高能磷酸盐（HEP）可能被认为是PD的潜在生物标志物。磷磁共振波谱（31P-MRS）是探索体内脑能量学的合适工具。为了突出受特发性PD和遗传性PD影响的患者中脑能量化合物的主要发现，我们考虑了10项31P-MRS研究。这项研究调查了几个大脑区域，例如额叶，枕叶，颞顶皮质，视觉皮层，中脑和基底神经节。静息状态研究报告了相反的结果，显示PD患者的HEP降低，正常或升高。功能研究显示，一名患有PINK1基因突变的PD受试者在恢复阶段的PD受试者中PCr +βATP水平异常，而在休息，激活和恢复期间处于静止状态的异常值表明，在患有PINK1基因突变的PD患者中线粒体机械受损更大。PD的特点是特发性PD和遗传PD均存在能量缺陷，这表明线粒体功能障碍是该疾病的基础。研究仍然是稀疏的，有时是相反的，可能是由于不同的方法论方法。需要进一步研究以更好地评估线粒体在PD发展中的作用。PD的特征是特发性PD和遗传性PD中的能量受损，表明线粒体功能障碍是该疾病的基础。研究仍然是稀疏的，有时是相反的，这可能是由于不同的方法论方法所致。需要进一步研究以更好地评估线粒体在PD发展中的作用。PD的特征是特发性PD和遗传性PD中的能量受损，表明线粒体功能障碍是该疾病的基础。研究仍然是稀疏的，有时是相反的，这可能是由于不同的方法论方法所致。需要进一步研究以更好地评估线粒体在PD发展中的作用。