Protein and oil levels measured at maturity are inversely correlated across soybean lines; however, carbon is in limited supply during maturation resulting in tradeoffs for the production of other reserves including oligosaccharides. During the late stages of seed development, the allocation of carbon for storage reserves changes. Lipid and protein levels decline while concentrations of indigestible raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) increase, leading to a decreased crop value. Since the maternal source of carbon is diminished during seed maturation stages of development, carbon supplied to RFO synthesis likely comes from an internal, turned-over source and may contribute to the reduction in protein and lipid content in mature seeds. In this study, fast neutron (FN) mutagenized soybean populations with deletions in central carbon metabolic genes were examined for trends in oil, protein, sugar, and RFO accumulation leading to an altered final composition. Two lines with concurrent increases in oil and protein, by combined 10%, were identified. A delayed switch in carbon allocation towards RFO biosynthesis resulted in extended lipid accumulation and without compromising protein. Strategies for future soybean improvement using FN resources are described.

中文翻译：

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关于蛋白质和油的反相关：使用大豆快中子突变体研究改变的中心碳代谢对种子组成的影响。

大豆品系成熟时测得的蛋白质和油含量成反比；然而，碳在成熟过程中的供应有限，导致在生产包括寡糖在内的其他储备时需要权衡取舍。在种子发育的后期，用于储存储备的碳分配发生了变化。脂质和蛋白质水平下降，而难消化的棉子糖家族寡糖（RFO）浓度增加，导致农作物价值下降。由于母体的碳源在发育的种子成熟阶段会减少，提供给RFO合成的碳可能来自内部翻转源，并可能有助于减少成熟种子中的蛋白质和脂质含量。在这项研究中，检查了中子碳代谢基因缺失的快速中子（FN）诱变的大豆种群中油，蛋白质，糖和RFO积累的趋势，从而导致最终组成发生了变化。确定了两条同时增加油和蛋白质含量（共增加10％）的品系。碳分配向RFO生物合成的延迟转换导致脂质积累延长，且不损害蛋白质。描述了使用FN资源进行未来大豆改良的策略。