The fruit physiology of banana cultivars other than Cavendish is poorly understood. To study the ripening process, samples were taken daily from plantain and Cavendish bananas and the ripening stages were determined. We present data from the green to the fully mature stage. By analyzing the protein abundances during ripening we provide some new insights into the ripening process and how plantains fruits are different. Multivariate analysis of the proteins was performed correlated to the starch dynamics. A drop in sucrose synthase and a rise of acid invertase during ripening indicated a change in the balance of the sucrose fate. During ripening, sugars may no longer be available for respiration since they are stored in the vacuoles, making citrate the preferred respiratory substrate. We found significant cultivar specific differences in granule-bound starch synthase, alpha- and beta amylases and cell wall invertase when comparing the protein content at the same ripening stage. This corroborates the difference in starch content/structure between both banana types. Differences in small heat shock proteins and in the cell wall-modifying enzyme xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase support respectively the presumed higher carotenoid content and the firmer fruit structure of plantains. SIGNIFICANCE: We follow the proteome during ripening and correlate the proteins to the measured starch content. We discuss the changes in two contrasting genotypes. This gives us for the first time insight into the ripening of plantain and how this is different from the well-known Cavendish banana. This will revive the plantain breeding programs since for the first time we get insight into the plantain ripening.

中文翻译：

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表征车前草和卡文迪许香蕉中的果实成熟：蛋白质组学方法。

除卡文迪许以外的香蕉品种的果实生理学知之甚少。为了研究成熟过程，每天从车前草和卡文迪许香蕉中取样并确定成熟阶段。我们提供了从绿色到完全成熟阶段的数据。通过分析成熟过程中的蛋白质丰度，我们提供了一些关于成熟过程以及车前草果实如何不同的新见解。进行了与淀粉动力学相关的蛋白质多变量分析。成熟期间蔗糖合酶的下降和酸转化酶的上升表明蔗糖命运的平衡发生了变化。在成熟期间，糖可能不再可用于呼吸，因为它们存储在液泡中，从而使柠檬酸盐成为首选的呼吸底物。当比较相同成熟阶段的蛋白质含量时，我们发现颗粒结合的淀粉合酶，α-和β-淀粉酶以及细胞壁转化酶的显着品种特异性差异。这证实了两种香蕉类型之间淀粉含量/结构的差异。小型热激蛋白和细胞壁修饰酶木葡聚糖内切葡糖基化酶/水解酶支持的差异分别被认为是较高的类胡萝卜素含量和较厚的车前草果实结构。意义：我们在成熟过程中遵循蛋白质组并将蛋白质与测得的淀粉含量相关联。我们讨论了两种不同基因型的变化。这使我们首次了解了车前草的成熟以及与著名的卡文迪许香蕉有何不同。