Numerous cross-sectional studies found psychosis to be associated with less awareness of emotions, a decreased use of adaptive (e.g. reappraisal) and an increased use of maladaptive emotion regulation (ER) strategies (e.g. suppression). In this study, we tested whether state levels of emotion awareness and momentary use of specific ER strategies moderate the link between negative affect at one timepoint (t-1) and paranoia at the next timepoint (t) in a six-day experience sampling study. Individuals with psychotic disorders (n = 71) reported on the presence of paranoia, negative affect, emotion awareness and the use of six ER strategies (reappraisal, acceptance, social sharing, distraction, suppression and rumination) ten times per day. Multilevel regression analysis revealed that higher awareness at t-1 reduced the association of negative affect at t-1 and paranoia at t, whereas rumination had an opposite, amplifying moderation effect. Our results provide novel insight into the conditions under which negative affect translates into delusional beliefs. The finding that emotion awareness and rumination have a relevant role corresponds with current psychological conceptualisations of psychosis and with the attempt to treat delusions by focusing on reducing ruminative thoughts. To investigate the causal effect, treatment trials with a focus on enhancing these components of emotion regulation are needed.

中文翻译：

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意识和反刍调节日常生活中偏执的情感途径

许多横断面研究发现，精神病与情绪意识的减少、适应性（例如重新评估）的使用减少和适应不良的情绪调节（ER）策略（例如抑制）的使用增加有关。在这项研究中，我们在为期六天的经验抽样研究中测试了情绪意识的状态水平和特定 ER 策略的瞬时使用是否会缓和一个时间点 (t-1) 的负面影响与下一个时间点 (t) 的偏执之间的联系. 患有精神病的个体 (n = 71) 每天十次报告存在偏执、负面影响、情绪意识和六种 ER 策略（重新评估、接受、社交分享、分心、压抑和沉思）。多级回归分析显示，在 t-1 时更高的意识减少了 t-1 时的负面影响和 t 时的偏执的关联，而反刍具有相反的放大调节作用。我们的研究结果为负面影响转化为妄想信念的条件提供了新的见解。情绪意识和反刍具有相关作用的发现符合当前精神病的心理概念化以及通过专注于减少反刍思维来治疗妄想的尝试。为了研究因果关系，需要进行侧重于增强情绪调节这些组成部分的治疗试验。我们的研究结果为负面影响转化为妄想信念的条件提供了新的见解。情绪意识和反刍具有相关作用的发现符合当前精神病的心理概念化以及通过专注于减少反刍思维来治疗妄想的尝试。为了研究因果关系，需要进行侧重于增强情绪调节这些组成部分的治疗试验。我们的研究结果为负面影响转化为妄想信念的条件提供了新的见解。情绪意识和反刍具有相关作用的发现符合当前精神病的心理概念化以及通过专注于减少反刍思维来治疗妄想的尝试。为了研究因果关系，需要进行侧重于增强情绪调节这些组成部分的治疗试验。