Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of dengue virus (DENV), and acquires this virus from a vertebrate host during blood feeding. Previous literature has shown that vertebrate blood factors such as complement protein C5a and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) influence DENV acquisition in the mosquito. Here, we show that extracellular vesicles in cell culture medium inhibit DENV infection in mosquito cells. Specifically, extracellular vesicles enter into mosquito cells and inhibit an early stage of infection. Extracellular vesicles had no effect on virus cell attachment or entry. Instead, extracellular vesicles restricted virus membrane fusion. Extracellular vesicles only inhibited DENV infection in mosquito cells and not vertebrate cells. These data highlight a novel virus-vector-host interaction that limits virus infection in mosquito cells by restricting virus membrane fusion.

中文翻译：

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细胞外囊泡限制了埃及伊蚊细胞中的登革热病毒融合。

埃及伊蚊（Aedes aegypti）是登革热病毒（DENV）的主要载体，在取血过程中从脊椎动物宿主中获得该病毒。先前的文献表明，脊椎动物血液因子（例如补体蛋白C5a和低密度脂蛋白（LDL））会影响蚊子中DENV的获取。在这里，我们表明细胞培养基中的细胞外囊泡抑制了蚊子细胞中的DENV感染。具体而言，细胞外囊泡进入蚊子细胞并抑制感染的早期阶段。细胞外囊泡对病毒细胞的附着或进入没有影响。相反，细胞外囊泡限制了病毒膜融合。细胞外囊泡仅能抑制DENV在蚊子细胞中的感染，而不能抑制脊椎动物细胞中的DENV感染。