Urea oxidation is a significant reaction for utilizing urea-rich wastewater or human urine as sustainable power sources which can ease the water eutrophication while generate electricity. A direct urea-hydrogen peroxide fuel cell is a new kind of fuel cell employing urea as fuel and hydrogen peroxide as oxidant which possesses a larger cell voltage. Herein, this work tries to promote the kinetics process of urea oxidation by preparing low-cost and high-efficient NiCo₂S₄ nanowires modified carbon sponge electrode. The carbon sponge used in this work with a similar three-dimensional multi-channel structure to Ni foam, is prepared by carbonizing recycled polyurethane sponge which is also a process of recycling waste. The performance of the prepared catalyst in an alkaline solution is investigated in a three-electrode system. With the introduction of Co element to the catalyst, a reduced initial urea oxidation potential and a high performance are obtained. Furthermore, a direct urea-hydrogen peroxide fuel cell is assembled using the NiCo₂S₄ nanowires modified carbon sponge anode. Results indicate that the prepared catalyst provides a chance to solve the current problems that hinder the development of urea electrooxidation (high initial urea oxidation potential, low performance, and high electrode costs).

尿素氧化是利用富含尿素的废水或人类尿液作为可持续能源的重要反应，可以缓解水体富营养化并产生电能。直接尿素-过氧化氢燃料电池是一种以尿素为燃料，过氧化氢为氧化剂的新型燃料电池，具有较大的电池电压。本文旨在通过制备低成本高效的NiCo ₂ S ₄来促进尿素氧化的动力学过程。纳米线改性碳海绵电极。这项工作中使用的碳海绵具有类似于Ni泡沫的三维多通道结构，是通过对回收的聚氨酯海绵进行碳化来制备的，这也是回收废物的过程。在三电极系统中研究了制备的催化剂在碱性溶液中的性能。通过将Co元素引入到催化剂中，获得降低的初始尿素氧化电势和高性能。此外，使用NiCo ₂ S ₄组装直接尿素-过氧化氢燃料电池纳米线改性碳海绵阳极。结果表明，所制备的催化剂为解决当前阻碍尿素电氧化发展的问题提供了机会（尿素初始氧化电位高，性能低，电极成本高）。