Excessive ice accretion on infrastructures can lead to severe damage and dysfunction. In the context of combating the build-up of unwanted icing and at the same time maintaining sunlight transmission, for instance on solar panels, windows and sensors, mechanically durable and transparent icephobic coatings are highly desired. Herein, we design and fabricate an icephobic coating possessing for the first time combined properties of ultrafast self-healing and outperforming transparency. Our coating can restore more than 80 % of the ultimate tensile strength within 45 min of healing at room temperature after introducing a cut. By a combination of both experiments and atomistic simulations, we establish the atomistic mechanism for ultrafast self-healing, i.e. the optimal balance between polymer chain flexibility and concentration of hydrogen bonding pairs. Equipped with such ultrafast self-healing property, the coating shows a stable ice adhesion strength of 52.2 ± 8.9 kPa after 20 icing/deicing cycles, and 48.2 ± 4.6 kPa after healing from mechanical damage, exhibiting exceptional robustness for anti-icing applications that require high mechanical endurance. Importantly, the coating on glass shows a light transmittance of 89.1 % in the visible region, which is remarkably close to bare glass (91.9 %). Moreover, the coating is recyclable due to the dissociable crosslinks, providing a sustainable aspect missing in existing state-of-the-art icephobic coatings. This coating combines the properties of icephobicity, mechanical durability (via self-healing), transparency and recyclability, and thus enlightens the design of multifunctional materials for meeting complex environmental requirements encountered in the field of anti-icing.

基础设施上积冰过多会导致严重损坏和功能失调。在与不想要的结冰的累积进行对抗并且同时保持阳光透射的情况下，例如在太阳能电池板，窗户和传感器上，非常需要机械耐用且透明的憎冰涂层。本文中，我们设计并制造了一种具有超快自愈性能和优异透明度的综合性能的憎冰涂层。引入切口后，我们的涂层在室温下愈合后的45分钟内可以恢复80％的极限抗拉强度。通过实验和原子模拟的结合，我们建立了超快自我修复的原子机制，即聚合物链柔韧性和氢键对浓度之间的最佳平衡。具备这种超快的自修复性能，该涂层在20次结冰/除冰循环后显示出52.2±8.9 kPa的稳定冰粘附强度，在因机械损坏而愈合后显示出48.2±4.6 kPa的稳定冰冻，对于需要防冰应用的场合表现出卓越的坚固性高机械耐久性。重要的是，玻璃上的涂层在可见光区域的透光率为89.1％，非常接近裸玻璃（91.9％）。而且，由于可分离的交联，该涂层是可回收的，从而提供了现有的最先进的憎冰涂层中缺少的可持续方面。该涂层兼具憎冰性，机械耐久性（通过 自修复），透明度和可回收性，从而启发了多功能材料的设计，以满足防冰领域中遇到的复杂环境要求。