Since the middle of the 20th century, metallopolymers have represented a standalone subfield with a beneficial combination of functionality from inorganic metal centers and processability from the organic polymeric frameworks. Metallo-polyelectrolytes are a new class of soft materials that showcase fundamentally different properties from neutral polymers due to their intrinsically ionic behaviors. This review describes recent trends in metallo-polyelectrolytes and discusses emerging properties and challenges, as well as future directions from a perspective of macromolecular architectures. The correlations between macromolecular architectures and properties are discussed from copolymer self-assembly, metallo-enzymes for biomedical applications, metallo-peptides for catalysis, crosslinked networks, and metallogels.

自 20 世纪中叶以来，金属聚合物代表了一个独立的子领域，它有益地结合了无机金属中心的功能性和有机聚合物骨架的可加工性。金属聚电解质是一类新型软材料，由于其固有的离子行为，表现出与中性聚合物根本不同的特性。这篇综述描述了金属聚电解质的最新趋势，并从大分子结构的角度讨论了新兴的特性和挑战以及未来的方向。从共聚物自组装、生物医学应用金属酶、催化金属肽、交联网络和金属凝胶等方面讨论了大分子结构和性质之间的相关性。