The broad application and unique properties of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets make them interact with other pollutants and subsequently alter their behaviors and toxicities. However, investigation on the effects of GO nanosheets on plant uptake of co-occurring heavy metals is scarce. We evaluated the mutual effects of cadmium (Cd) at 1 mg/L and different concentrated GO nanosheets (0, 1 and 10 mg/L) on the rice seed germination, further seedling growth, Cd uptake and accumulation in rice roots and shoots in a hydroponic system. The effects of GO were concentration dependent. GO alone at 1 mg/L showed no apparent effects, while GO alone at 10 mg/L accelerated the rice seed germination and root growth due to the improved water uptake. Cd alone showed adverse effects on the rice seed germination, which was alleviated by the presence of GO at 1 or 10 mg/L. GO at 10 mg/L also increased the membrane permeability, thus enhancing Cd uptake by rice roots and shoots. These results indicate that GO can change the effects of Cd on the rice seed germination and Cd uptake as well as accumulation in the roots and shoots of rice seedlings, which is helpful for understanding the fate and ecotoxicological impacts of both GO and Cd.

中文翻译：

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氧化石墨烯纳米片和镉对水稻生长，镉吸收和积累的相互影响。

氧化石墨烯（GO）纳米片材的广泛应用和独特性能使它们与其他污染物发生相互作用，从而改变了它们的行为和毒性。然而，关于GO纳米片对同时存在的重金属植物吸收的影响的研究很少。我们评估了1 mg / L的镉（Cd）和不同浓度的GO纳米片（0、1和10 mg / L）对水稻种子萌发，进一步的幼苗生长，镉在水稻根和芽中的吸收和积累的相互影响。水耕系统。GO的作用是浓度依赖性的。单独添加1 mg / L的GO并没有表现出明显的效果，而单独添加10 mg / L的GO则由于改善了水分吸收而加速了水稻种子的发芽和根的生长。单独的镉对水稻种子发芽有不利影响，由于GO的浓度为1或10 mg / L，其缓解了。GO在10 mg / L时也增加了膜的通透性，从而增强了水稻根和芽对Cd的吸收。这些结果表明GO可以改变Cd对水稻种子发芽，Cd吸收以及水稻幼苗根和芽中积累的影响，有助于了解GO和Cd的命运和生态毒理影响。