In this paper, a novel resource management framework is introduced and exploited to ensure the efficient and smooth operation of a wireless network, assisted by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), operating under the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme and consisting of both normal and malicious risk-aware users. User devices are assumed capable of splitting their transmission power in two different communication alternatives, established via either the UAV or the macro base station (MBS). The bandwidth offered by the UAV is accessible by everyone, delivers potentially higher rate of return taking into account the enhanced communication channel gains owing to its proximity to the serving users, but is prone to failure due to its potential over-exploitation. Accordingly, the UAV’s bandwidth is considered as common pool of resources (CPR). In contrast, the MBS’s bandwidth is considered as a safe resource offering to the users a more limited but guaranteed level of service, due to the fact that though it has less available bandwidth it operates under a more controlled access scheme. The theory of the tragedy of the commons is used to capture the probability of failure of the CPR, while the prospect theory is adopted to study the normal and malicious users’ risk-aware behavior in the UAV-assisted network. A non-cooperative power control game among the users is formulated and solved, in order to determine the users’ power investment to the dual communication environment. The existence and uniqueness of a Pure Nash Equilibrium point is shown and a distributed algorithm is introduced to converge to the PNE point. This overall resource allocation framework is intelligently exploited as the vehicle to detect malicious user behavior and therefore protect the network from the undesired effects of such behaviors. The performance and inherent attributes of the proposed user-centric risk-aware operation framework, in terms of its capability to effectively utilize the available system and user resources (i.e., bandwidth and power), while succeeding in identifying potential abnormal or malicious user behaviors is assessed via modeling and simulation, under different operation scenarios.

中文翻译：

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利用前景理论和风险意识来保护无人机辅助网络运行

在本文中，引入并开发了一种新颖的资源管理框架，以确保无线网络的高效，平稳运行，并辅以无人飞行器（UAV），在非正交多址（NOMA）方案下运行并包括普通和恶意风险意识用户。假定用户设备能够在通过UAV或宏基站（MBS）建立的两个不同的通信替代方案中分配其传输功率。UAV提供的带宽是每个人都可以访问的，考虑到由于其靠近服务用户而带来的增强的通信信道收益，它可能提供更高的回报率，但由于其潜在的过度开发而容易出现故障。因此，UAV的带宽被认为是公共资源池（CPR）。相比之下，由于MBS的带宽虽然可用带宽较少，但在更受控制的访问方案下运行，因此被认为是向用户提供有限但有保证的服务水平的安全资源。公地悲剧理论用于捕获CPR失败的可能性，而前景理论则用于研究无人机辅助网络中正常和恶意用户的风险意识行为。制定并解决了用户间非合作的功率控制博弈，以确定用户对双重通信环境的功率投资。给出了纯纳什均衡点的存在性和唯一性，并引入了一种分布式算法收敛到PNE点。该总体资源分配框架被智能地用作检测恶意用户行为的媒介，因此可以保护网络免受此类行为的不良影响。就有效识别可用的系统和用户资源（即带宽和功率），同时成功识别潜在的异常或恶意用户行为而言，所提出的以用户为中心的风险意识操作框架的性能和固有属性为：在不同的操作场景下，通过建模和仿真进行评估。