Stakeholders are critical environmental managers in human-dominated landscapes. In some contexts, stakeholders can be forced to personally act following their own observations and risk perception instead of science recommendation. In particular, biological invasions need rapid control actions to reduce potential socio-ecological impacts, while science-based risk assessments are rather complex and time-delayed. Although they can lead to important detrimental effects on biodiversity, potential time-delayed disconnections between stakeholders' action and science recommendations are rarely studied. Using the case study of western European beekeepers controlling the invasive Asian hornet Vespa velutina nigrithorax for its suspected impact on honey bee colonies, we analysed mechanisms underlying personal actions of stakeholders and how they evolved in science disconnection. Personal actions of stakeholders were causal-effect linked with their risk observation but disconnected to time-delayed science predictions and recommendations. Unfortunately, these science-disconnected actions also led to dramatic impacts on numerous species of the local entomofauna. These results highlight the need to improve mutual risk communication between science and action in the early-stages of management plans to improve the sustainably of stakeholders' practices.

中文翻译：

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需要科学交流来告知风险意识和利益相关者的行动。

利益相关者是人为主导景观中的关键环境管理者。在某些情况下，利益相关者可能被迫按照自己的观察和风险感知采取个人行动，而不是科学建议。尤其是，生物入侵需要采取快速控制措施，以减少潜在的社会生态影响，而基于科学的风险评估则相当复杂且耗时。尽管它们可能导致对生物多样性的重大不利影响，但很少研究利益相关者的行为与科学建议之间可能存在的时间延迟的脱节。以西欧养蜂人控制入侵性大黄蜂大黄蜂（Vespa velutina nigrithorax）对蜜蜂群体的可疑影响为例，我们分析了利益相关者个人行为的基础机制以及它们在科学脱节中如何演变。利益相关者的个人行为是因果关系与他们的风险观察联系在一起的，但与时间延迟的科学预测和建议无关。不幸的是，这些与科学脱节的行动也对当地昆虫动物的众多物种产生了巨大影响。这些结果强调了在管理计划的早期阶段需要改善科学与行动之间的相互风险交流，以可持续地改善利益相关者的实践。这些与科学脱节的行动也对当地昆虫动物的众多物种产生了巨大影响。这些结果强调了在管理计划的早期阶段需要改善科学与行动之间的相互风险交流，以可持续地改善利益相关者的实践。这些与科学脱节的行动也对当地昆虫动物的众多物种产生了巨大影响。这些结果强调了在管理计划的早期阶段需要改善科学与行动之间的相互风险交流，以可持续地改善利益相关者的实践。