Biochar and manure application can modify soil microbial community structure and enhance biochemical activities. However, the studies about the influence of biochar and manure on the microbial communities on different geomorphological landforms (depositional and eroded landscapes) are scarce. In this study, we investigated the responses of soil biochemical activities and microbial communities to the addition of pinewood biochar, dairy manure (DM), and the dairy manure and pinewood biochar mixture (DMP) at a rate of 10 Mg ha⁻¹, respectively, in comparison with control (CNT) at eroded and depositional landscape positions over 5 years. Data showed that the DMP treatment significantly increased cold‐water‐soluble organic carbon and hot‐water‐soluble organic carbon at the depositional landscape than CNT soils. Application of DMP increased total phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) and bacterial PLFA by 31% and 20% compared with the CNT at the depositional landscape, respectively. At eroded landscape, total PLFAs and total bacterial PLFAs biomass concentrations were found 39% and 90% higher with DM than CNT soils. The addition of DM and DMP increased the activities of enzymes that are involved in the major nutrient cycling at depositional and eroded landscapes. At the phylum level, the proportion of Bacteroidetes was found lower in DMP, but the proportion of phylum Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were increased. In conclusion, our study revealed that DMP influenced the labile nutrient pool, altered the microbial community structure, and increased bacterial composition and enzymatic activities at both the landscape positions.

中文翻译：

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生物炭和粪便添加影响侵蚀和沉积景观位置的土壤微生物群落结构和酶活性

生物炭和粪肥的施用可以改变土壤微生物群落结构并增强生化活性。然而，关于生物炭和粪便对不同地貌地貌（沉积和侵蚀景观）微生物群落的影响的研究很少。在这项研究中，我们调查了土壤生化活动和微生物群落对分别以 10 Mg ha⁻¹ 的比例添加松木生物炭、乳粪 (DM) 以及乳粪和松木生物炭混合物 (DMP) 的响应，与 5 年内侵蚀和沉积景观位置的对照 (CNT) 相比。数据表明，与碳纳米管土壤相比，DMP 处理显着增加了沉积景观中的冷水可溶性有机碳和热水可溶性有机碳。与沉积景观中的 CNT 相比，DMP 的应用使总磷脂脂肪酸 (PLFA) 和细菌 PLFA 分别增加了 31% 和 20%。在侵蚀景观中，发现 DM 的总 PLFAs 和总细菌 PLFAs 生物量浓度比 CNT 土壤高 39% 和 90%。添加 DM 和 DMP 增加了参与沉积和侵蚀景观主要养分循环的酶的活性。在门水平上，DMP中拟杆菌门的比例较低，但变形菌门和酸杆菌门的比例增加。总之，我们的研究表明，DMP 影响了不稳定的营养库，改变了微生物群落结构，并增加了两个景观位置的细菌组成和酶活性。