Ferroelectricity and electrical conductivity are two fundamentally incompatible properties that are difficult to simultaneously achieve in a material. Here, we combine these two contradictory properties by embedding conducting SrNbO3 micro/nanopillars into a ferroelectric SrNbO3.5 (i.e., Sr2Nb2O7) thin film. The high-Tc ferroelectric SrNbO3.5 thin film is epitaxially grown on a LaAlO3 substrate by pulsed laser deposition. The conducting SrNbO3 micro/nanopillars are introduced into the film via an electron-irradiation-induced SrNbO3.5-to-SrNbO3 phase transformation triggered by a focused electron beam. The sizes and distribution of the SrNbO3 micro/nanopillars can be accurately controlled through artificial manipulation of the electron-irradiation-induced SrNbO3.5-to-SrNbO3 phase transformation. The ferroelectric SrNbO3/SrNbO3.5 thin film with an in-plane polarization exhibits an electrical conductivity in the out-of-plane direction. Such conducting ferroelectric thin films may lead to the discovery of plentiful physical phenomena and have great potential for pyroelectric, photoelectric, and multiferroic applications.

中文翻译：

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具有平面外电导率的铁电氧化物薄膜。

铁电性和导电性是两种基本不相容的特性，很难同时在一种材料中实现。在这里，我们通过将导电SrNbO3微米/纳米毛细嵌入铁电SrNbO3.5（即Sr2Nb2O7）薄膜中来组合这两个矛盾的特性。通过脉冲激光沉积在LaAlO3衬底上外延生长高Tc铁电SrNbO3.5薄膜。导电的SrNbO3微纳米颗粒通过聚焦电子束触发的电子辐照引起的SrNbO3.5到SrNbO3的相变被引入薄膜中。SrNbO3微米/纳米柱的大小和分布可以通过人工控制电子辐照引起的SrNbO3.5到SrNbO3相变来精确控制。铁电体SrNbO3 / SrNbO3。图5所示的具有面内极化的薄膜在面外方向上显示出导电性。这样的导电铁电薄膜可以导致发现大量的物理现象，并且对于热电，光电和多铁电应用具有很大的潜力。