Breast cancer was traditionally not considered a particularly immunogenic tumor. However, recent developments have shown that some aggressive triple-negative breast cancers are immunogenic, exhibit a resistance to chemotherapy and have a poor prognosis. These cancers have been shown to express molecules identified as targets for immunotherapy. Despite the advances, the challenges are many, and include identifying the patients that may benefit from immunotherapy. The best methods to analyze these samples and to evaluate immunogenicity are also major challenges. Therefore, the most accurate and reliable assessment of immune cells as potential targets is one of the most important aims in the current research in breast immunotherapy. In the present review, we briefly discuss the mechanisms of the regulation of checkpoint inhibitors (PD-1/PD-L1) in breast cancer and explore the predictive aspects in the PD-L1 testing.

传统上，乳腺癌不被认为是一种特别具有免疫原性的肿瘤。然而，最近的发展表明，一些侵袭性三阴性乳腺癌具有免疫原性，表现出对化疗的耐药性并且预后不良。这些癌症已被证明可以表达被确定为免疫治疗靶点的分子。尽管取得了进展，但挑战仍然很多，包括确定可能从免疫治疗中受益的患者。分析这些样本和评估免疫原性的最佳方法也是主要挑战。因此，最准确、最可靠地评估作为潜在靶点的免疫细胞是当前乳腺免疫治疗研究的最重要目标之一。在本次审查中，