Graphene, composed of single-layered sp² graphite, with its superb physical and chemical properties, has attracted scientists in different areas, including electronics, medicine, and chemicals. Its applications in green energy were extensively studied in the past two decades. Results from different studies show that graphene-based products with different structures (2D and 3D graphene) can effectively enhance green energy conversion and storage compared to traditional energy materials like metal and metal oxides. This review focuses on the historical development of graphene, the variation of graphene products, and mainstream researches in graphene-based green energy applications carried out in recent years, such as fuel cell, solar cell, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), supercapacitor, dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), and photoelectrochemical water-splitting cell. The development of graphene-based materials integrated with different 3D printing technology and the application of their products in green energy are also discussed together with a forecast on the development of graphene-based materials in the future.

石墨烯，由单层sp ^2组成石墨以其极好的物理和化学特性，吸引了电子，医学和化学等不同领域的科学家。在过去的二十年中，它在绿色能源中的应用得到了广泛的研究。来自不同研究的结果表明，与传统的能源材料（例如金属和金属氧化物）相比，具有不同结构的石墨烯基产品（2D和3D石墨烯）可以有效地增强绿色能源的转化和存储。这篇综述着重于石墨烯的历史发展，石墨烯产品的变化以及近年来在石墨烯基绿色能源应用中进行的主流研究，例如燃料电池，太阳能电池，锂离子电池（LIB），超级电容器，染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSC）和光电化学水分解电池。