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A global-scale multidecadal variability driven by Atlantic multidecadal oscillation
National Science Review ( IF 16.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-24 , DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz216
Young-Min Yang 1 , Soon-Il An 2 , Bin Wang 1 , Jae Heung Park 3
Affiliation  

Observational analysis shows that there is a predominant global-scale multidecadal variability (GMV) of sea-surface temperature (SST). Its horizontal pattern resembles that of the interdecadal Pacific oscillation (IPO) in the Pacific and the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) in the Atlantic Ocean, which could affect global precipitation and temperature over the globe. Here, we demonstrate that the GMV could be driven by the AMO through atmospheric teleconnections and atmosphere–ocean coupling processes. Observations reveal a strong negative correlation when AMO leads GMV by approximately 4–8 years. Pacemaker experiments using a climate model driven by observed AMO signals reveal that the tropical Atlantic warm SST anomalies of AMO initiate anomalous cooling in the equatorial central-eastern Pacific through atmospheric teleconnections. Anticyclonic anomalies in the North and South Pacific induce equatorward winds along the coasts of North and South America, contributing to further cooling. The upper-ocean dynamics plays a minor role in GMV formation but contributes to a delayed response of the IPO to the AMO forcing. The possible impact of the GMV on AMO was also tested by prescribing only Pacific SST in the model; however, the model could not reproduce the observed phase relationship between the AMO and the GMV. These results support the hypothesis that the Atlantic Ocean plays a key role in the multidecadal variability of global SST.

中文翻译:

大西洋年代际振荡驱动的全球尺度年代际变率

观测分析表明,海面温度 (SST) 的全球尺度多年代际变率 (GMV) 占主导地位。其水平模式类似于太平洋的年代际太平洋振荡(IPO)和大西洋的大西洋年代际振荡(AMO),这可能会影响全球降水和温度。在这里,我们证明 GMV 可以通过大气遥相关和大气-海洋耦合过程由 AMO 驱动。当 AMO 领先 GMV 大约 4-8 年时,观察结果显示强烈的负相关。使用由观测到的 AMO 信号驱动的气候模型的起搏器实验表明,AMO 的热带大西洋暖海温异常通过大气遥相关在赤道中东部太平洋引发了异常冷却。北太平洋和南太平洋的反气旋异常导致沿北美洲和南美洲海岸的赤道风,导致进一步降温。上层海洋动力学在 GMV 形成中起次要作用,但会导致 IPO 对 AMO 强迫的延迟响应。GMV 对 AMO 的可能影响也通过在模型中仅规定太平洋 SST 进行了测试;然而,该模型无法重现观察到的 AMO 和 GMV 之间的相位关系。这些结果支持大西洋在全球海温的数十年变化中起着关键作用的假设。上层海洋动力学在 GMV 形成中起次要作用,但会导致 IPO 对 AMO 强迫的延迟响应。GMV 对 AMO 的可能影响也通过在模型中仅规定太平洋 SST 进行了测试;然而,该模型无法重现观察到的 AMO 和 GMV 之间的相位关系。这些结果支持大西洋在全球海温的数十年变化中起着关键作用的假设。上层海洋动力学在 GMV 形成中起次要作用,但会导致 IPO 对 AMO 强迫的延迟响应。GMV 对 AMO 的可能影响也通过在模型中仅规定太平洋 SST 进行了测试;然而,该模型无法重现观察到的 AMO 和 GMV 之间的相位关系。这些结果支持大西洋在全球海温的数十年变化中起着关键作用的假设。
更新日期:2019-12-24
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