The collective oscillation of electrons located in the conduction band of metal nanostructures being still energized, with the energy up to the bulk plasmon frequency, are called nonequilibrium hot electrons. It can lead to the state-filling effect in the energy band of the neighboring semiconductor. Here, we report on the incandescent-type light source composed of Au nanorods decorated with single Ga-doped ZnO microwire (AuNRs@ZnO:Ga MW). Benefiting from Au nanorods with controlled aspect ratio, wavelength-tunable incandescent-type lighting was achieved, with the dominating emission peaks tuning from visible to near-infrared spectral regions. The intrinsic mechanism was found that tunable nonequilibrium distribution of hot electrons in ZnO:Ga MW, injected from Au nanorods, can be responsible for the tuning emission features. Apart from the modification over the composition, bandgap engineering, doping level, etc., the realization of electrically driving the generation and injection of nonequilibrium hot electrons from single ZnO:Ga MW with Au nanostructure coating may provide a promising platform to construct electronics and optoelectronics devices, such as electric spasers and hot-carrier-induced tunneling diodes.

中文翻译：

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非平衡热电子诱导波长可调白炽光源

位于金属纳米结构导带中的电子的集体振荡仍然被激发，能量达到体等离子体频率，被称为非平衡热电子。它会导致相邻半导体能带中的状态填充效应。在这里，我们报告了由用单 Ga 掺杂的 ZnO 微线（AuNRs@ZnO:Ga MW）装饰的 Au 纳米棒组成的白炽型光源。受益于具有受控纵横比的 Au 纳米棒，实现了波长可调的白炽灯型照明，主要发射峰从可见光到近红外光谱区域调谐。发现从 Au 纳米棒注入的 ZnO:Ga MW 中热电子的可调谐非平衡分布可导致调谐发射特征的内在机制。