The pangenome refers to a collection of genomic sequence found in the entire species or population rather than in a single individual; the sequence can be core, present in all individuals, or accessory (variable or dispensable), found in a subset of individuals only. While pangenomic studies were first undertaken in bacterial species, developments in genome sequencing and assembly approaches have allowed construction of pangenomes for eukaryotic organisms, fungi, plants, and animals, including two large-scale human pangenome projects. Analysis of the these pangenomes revealed key differences, most likely stemming from divergent evolutionary histories, but also surprising similarities.

中文翻译：

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泛基因组学时代的来临：从细菌到动植物的应用。

泛基因组是指在整个物种或种群中而不是单个个体中发现的基因组序列的集合。该序列可以是核心的，存在于所有个体中，也可以是附属的（可变的或可有可无的），仅在个体的一个子集中存在。虽然泛基因组学研究最初是在细菌物种中进行的，但是基因组测序和组装方法的发展已允许构建用于真核生物，真菌，植物和动物的泛基因组，包括两个大规模的人类泛基因组计划。对这些全基因组的分析显示出关键的差异，最可能的原因是进化史不同，但也有令人惊讶的相似之处。