Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, while sudden cardiac death (SCD) accounts for over 60% of all cardiovascular deaths. Elevated blood pressure and hypertension have been associated with increased risk of SCD, but the findings have not been consistent. To clarify whether blood pressure or hypertension is associated with increased risk of SCD and to quantify the size and the shape of any association observed. PubMed and Embase databases were searched for published prospective studies on blood pressure or hypertension and SCD up to 30 April 2018. Summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random effects model. The meta-analysis included 2939 SCDs among 418,235 participants from 18 studies. The summary RRs were 2.10 (95% CI 1.71-2.58, I2 = 56.7%, pheterogeneity = 0.018, n = 10) for prevalent hypertension, 1.28 (95% CI 1.19-1.38, I2 = 45.5%, pheterogeneity = 0.07, n = 10) per 20 mmHg increment in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 1.09 (95% CI 0.83-1.44, I2 = 83.4%, pheterogeneity = 0.002, n = 3) per 10 mmHg increment in diastolic blood pressure (DBP). A nonlinear relationship was suggested between SBP and SCD. The results persisted in most subgroup and sensitivity analyses. There was no evidence of publication bias. This meta-analysis found an increased risk of SCD with hypertension diagnosis and increasing SBP. Future studies should clarify the association for DBP and the shape of the dose-response relationship between blood pressure and SCD.

中文翻译：

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血压，高血压和心脏猝死的风险：队列研究的系统评价和荟萃分析。

心血管疾病是全球范围内主要的死亡原因，而心源性猝死（SCD）占所有心血管死亡的60％以上。血压升高和高血压与SCD风险增加有关，但发现并不一致。阐明血压或高血压是否与SCD风险增加有关，并量化观察到的任何关联的大小和形状。搜索PubMed和Embase数据库，以查找截至2018年4月30日有关血压或高血压和SCD的已发表前瞻性研究。使用随机效应模型计算摘要的相对风险（RRs）和95％置信区间（CIs）。荟萃分析包括来自18个研究的418235名参与者中的2939个SCD。汇总RR为2.10（95％CI 1.71-2.58，I2 = 56.7％，色母性= 0.018，普遍性高血压的n = 10），收缩压（SBP）每增加20 mmHg时1.28（95％CI 1.19-1.38，I2 = 45.5％，致骨性= 0.07，n = 10）和1.09（95％CI 0.83-1.44） ，舒张压（DBP）每增加10 mmHg，I2 = 83.4％，表生性= 0.002，n = 3）。建议在SBP和SCD之间存在非线性关系。该结果在大多数亚组和敏感性分析中均存在。没有证据表明出版物有偏见。这项荟萃分析发现，高血压诊断和SBP升高会增加SCD的风险。未来的研究应阐明DBP的关联性以及血压与SCD之间剂量反应关系的形状。44，舒张压（DBP）每增加10 mmHg，I2 = 83.4％，表生性= 0.002，n = 3）。建议在SBP和SCD之间存在非线性关系。该结果在大多数亚组和敏感性分析中均存在。没有证据表明出版物有偏见。这项荟萃分析发现，高血压诊断和SBP升高会增加SCD的风险。未来的研究应阐明DBP的关联性以及血压与SCD之间剂量反应关系的形状。44，舒张压（DBP）每增加10 mmHg，I2 = 83.4％，表生性= 0.002，n = 3）。建议在SBP和SCD之间存在非线性关系。该结果在大多数亚组和敏感性分析中均存在。没有证据表明出版物有偏见。这项荟萃分析发现，高血压诊断和SBP升高会增加SCD的风险。未来的研究应阐明DBP的关联性以及血压与SCD之间剂量反应关系的形状。这项荟萃分析发现，高血压诊断和SBP升高会增加SCD的风险。未来的研究应阐明DBP的关联性以及血压与SCD之间剂量反应关系的形状。这项荟萃分析发现，高血压诊断和SBP升高会增加SCD的风险。未来的研究应阐明DBP的关联性以及血压与SCD之间剂量反应关系的形状。