There is a growing demand for high-performance point-of-care (POC) diagnostic technologies where in vitro diagnostics (IVD) is fundamental for prevention, identification, and treatment of many diseases. Over the past decade, a shift of IVDs from the centralized laboratories to POC settings is emerging. In this review, we summarize recent progress in translating IVDs from centralized labs to POC settings using commercially available handheld meters. After introducing typical workflows for IVDs and highlight innovative technologies in this area, we discuss advantages of using commercially available handheld meters for translating IVDs from centralized labs to POC settings. We then provide comprehensive coverage of different signal transduction strategies to repurpose the commercially-available handheld meters, including personal glucose meter, pH meter, thermometer and pressure meter, for detecting a wide range of targets by integrating biochemical assays with the meters for POC testing. Finally, we identify remaining challenges and offer future outlook in this area.

对高性能即时护理 (POC) 诊断技术的需求不断增长，其中体外诊断 (IVD) 是预防、识别和治疗许多疾病的基础。在过去的十年中，IVD 从集中实验室向 POC 环境的转变正在出现。在这篇综述中，我们总结了使用市售手持式仪表将 IVD 从集中实验室转移到 POC 设置的最新进展。在介绍 IVD 的典型工作流程并重点介绍该领域的创新技术之后，我们讨论了使用市售手持式仪表将 IVD 从集中实验室转换为 POC 设置的优势。然后，我们提供不同信号转导策略的全面覆盖，以重新利用市售手持式仪表，包括个人血糖仪、pH 计、温度计和压力计，通过将生化测定与用于 POC 测试的仪表集成来检测各种目标。最后，我们确定了剩余的挑战并提出了该领域的未来展望。