Carbamate pesticides (CBMs) are esters and thioesters derived from carbamic acid, which are widely used to increase agricultural productivity and to protect human and animal health from insect-vector-mediated diseases. However, they can be highly toxic when not appropriately applied. Electrochemical carbon-based sensors and biosensors gather a plethora of advantages for reliable, low cost, rapid and even in loco quality control and surveillance of CBMs levels in all systems related to environmental and human health. Thus, this review presents a broad overview of the state-of-art of design and applications of these (bio)sensors for CBMs electroanalysis in environmental, food and biological matrices with emphasis in the role of the carbon (nano)materials. The latest advances and trends but also the main (bio)sensors limitations and research gaps are highlighted. Highly selective, robust and novel carbon-based (bio)sensors with multiplexing CBMs capability are envisaged to emerge shortly for in-field applicability.

氨基甲酸酯农药（CBM）是衍生自氨基甲酸的酯和硫代酯，广泛用于提高农业生产率并保护人类和动物健康免遭昆虫媒介介导的疾病的侵害。但是，如果使用不当，它们可能会剧毒。电化学碳基传感器和生物传感器在可靠，低成本，快速甚至本地化方面具有众多优势对与环境和人类健康有关的所有系统中的煤层气含量进行质量控制和监控。因此，本篇综述全面介绍了这些（生物）传感器在环境，食品和生物基质中用于煤层气电分析的设计和应用的最新技术，重点是碳（纳米）材料的作用。重点介绍了最新进展和趋势，以及主要（生物）传感器的局限性和研究差距。具有现场多重应用能力的高选择性，坚固耐用和新颖的碳基（生物）传感器有望在短期内出现。