Lyme borreliosis caused by spirochaetes of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) complex is the most common tick-borne disease in Europe. In addition, the relapsing-fever spirochaete Borrelia miyamotoi, which has been associated with febrile illness and meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised persons, is present in Europe. This study investigated Borrelia prevalence and species distribution in ticks removed from humans and sent as diagnostic material to the Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, in 2013-2017. A probe-based real-time PCR was carried out and Borrelia-positive samples were subjected to species determination by reverse line blot (RLB), including a B. miyamotoi-specific probe. The overall Borrelia-infection rate as determined by real-time PCR was 20.02 % (510/2547, 95 % CI: 18.48–21.63 %), with annual prevalences ranging from 17.17 % (90/524, 95 % CI: 14.04–20.68 %) in 2014 to 24.12 % (96/398, 95 % CI: 19.99–28.63 %) in 2015. In total, 271/475 (57.1 %) positive samples available for RLB were successfully differentiated. Borrelia afzelii was detected in 30.53 % of cases (145/475, 95 % CI: 26.41–34.89), followed by B. garinii/B. bavariensis (13.26 % [63/475], 95 % CI: 10.34–16.65). Borrelia valaisiana occurred in 5.89 % (28/475, 95 % CI: 3.95–8.41), B. spielmanii in 4.63 % (22/475, 95 % CI: 2.93–6.93), B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.)/B. carolinensis in 2.32 % (11/475, 95 % CI: 1.16–4.11), B. lusitaniae in 0.63 % (3/475, 95 % CI: 0.13–1.83) and B. bisettiae in 0.42 % (2/475, 95 % CI: 0.05–1.51) of positive ticks. Borrelia kurtenbachii was not detected, while B. miyamotoi was identified in 7.37 % (35/475, 95 % CI: 5.19–10.10) of real-time PCR-positive samples. Sanger sequencing of B. garinii/B. bavariensis-positive ticks revealed that the majority were B. garinii-infections (50/52 successfully amplified samples), while only 2 ticks were infected with B. bavariensis. Furthermore, 6/12 B. burgdorferi s.s./B. carolinensis-positive samples could be differentiated; all of them were identified as B. burgdorferi sensu stricto. Thirty-nine ticks (8.21 %, 95 % CI: 5.90–11.05) were coinfected with two different species. Comparison of the species distribution between ticks removed from humans in 2015 and questing ticks collected in the same year and the same area revealed a significantly higher B. afzelii-prevalence in diagnostic tick samples than in questing ticks, confirming previous observations. The obtained data indicate that Borrelia prevalence fluctuated in the same range as observed in a previous study, analysing the period from 2006 to 2012. Detection of B. miyamotoi in 7.37 % of Borrelia-positive samples points to the fact that clinicians should be aware of this pathogen as a differential diagnosis in cases of febrile illness.

由伯氏疏螺旋体复合物的螺旋体引起的莱姆疏螺旋体病是欧洲最常见的壁虱传播疾病。另外，在欧洲存在与发热的疾病和免疫功能低下的人的脑膜脑炎有关的复发性螺旋体螺旋体疏螺旋体。这项研究调查了2013-2017年间从人类去除的tick中的疏螺旋体患病率和物种分布，并将其作为诊断材料发送给了汉诺威大学兽医学院寄生虫学研究所。进行了基于探针的实时PCR，并通过反向线印迹（RLB）对包括博来芽孢杆菌在内的疏螺旋体阳性样品进行了物种测定。特定的探针。通过实时PCR测定的总体伯氏疏螺旋体感染率为20.02％（510/2547，95％CI：18.48–21.63％），年患病率为17.17％（90/524，95％CI：14.04–20.68） 2014年占24.12％（96 / 398，95％CI：19.99–28.63％）。总计，成功区分了可用于RLB的271/475（57.1％）阳性样品。在30.53％的病例中检出了非洲疏螺旋体（145/475，95％CI：26.41–34.89），其次是garinii / B。巴伐利亚（13.26％[63/475]，95％CI：10.34–16.65）。瓦氏疏螺旋体发生率为5.89％（28/475，95％CI：3.95–8.41），sp.maniel B.发生率为4.63％（22/475，95％CI：2.93–6.93），B. burgdorferi sensu stricto（ss）/B. carolinensis（2.32％）（11/475，95％CI：1.16-4.11），lusitaniae（0.63％）（3/475，95％CI：0.13-1.83）和Bisettiae（0.42％）（2/475） ，95％CI：0.05–1.51）。疏螺旋体kurtenbachii没有检测到，而B. miyamotoi在7.37％（475分之35，95％CI：5.19-10.10）确定实时PCR阳性样品。B. garinii / B的Sanger测序。巴伐利亚阳性tick显示大多数是加氏芽孢杆菌感染（成功扩增了50/52个样本），而只有2个s虫感染了巴伐利亚芽孢杆菌。此外，B。burgdorferi ss / B. carolinensis 6/12-阳性样品可以区分；他们全部被确定为B. burgdorferi sensu stricto。39个s（8.21％，95％CI：5.90-11.05）与两种不同物种同时感染。在2015年从人体取出蜱和追问的物种分布的比较蜱收集在同一年和同一地区发现一个显著较高B. afzelii -prevalence诊断蜱样本中比在追问蜱，证实了先前的观察。所获得的数据表明，对2006年至2012年这一时期的分析表明，疏螺旋体的患病率在先前研究的同一范围内波动。在7.37％的疏螺旋体中检测到宫本芽孢杆菌。阳性样本表明这样的事实，即临床医生应将这种病原体作为高热疾病的鉴别诊断。