What we can learn from five naturalistic field experiments that failed to shift commuter behaviour.,Nature Human Behaviour

当前位置： X-MOL 学术 › Nat. Hum. Behav. › 论文详情

Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)

What we can learn from five naturalistic field experiments that failed to shift commuter behaviour.
Nature Human Behaviour ( IF 21.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-23 , DOI: 10.1038/s41562-019-0795-z
Ariella S Kristal ₁ , Ashley V Whillans ₂

Affiliation

Across five field experiments with employees of a large organization (n = 68,915), we examined whether standard behavioural interventions ('nudges') successfully reduced single-occupancy vehicle commutes. In Studies 1 and 2, we sent letters and emails with nudges designed to increase carpooling. These interventions failed to increase carpool sign-up or usage. In Studies 3a and 4, we examined the efficacy of other well-established behavioural interventions: non-cash incentives and personalized travel plans. Again, we found no positive effect of these interventions. Across studies, effect sizes ranged from Cohen's d = -0.01 to d = 0.05. Equivalence testing, using study-specific smallest effect sizes of interest, revealed that the treatment effects observed in four out of five of our experiments were statistically equivalent to zero (P < 0.04). The failure of these well-powered experiments designed to nudge commuting behaviour highlights both the difficulty of changing commuter behaviour and the importance of publishing null results to build cumulative knowledge about how to encourage sustainable travel.

中文翻译：

我们可以从五个未能改变通勤者行为的自然主义实地实验中学到什么。

在与大型组织（n = 68,915）的员工进行的五个现场试验中，我们检查了标准的行为干预（“轻推”）是否成功减少了单人乘车通勤。在研究1和2中，我们发送了一些信件和电子邮件，其中包含用于增加拼车的轻推功能。这些干预措施未能增加拼车注册或使用率。在研究3a和4中，我们研究了其他公认的行为干预的功效：非现金奖励和个性化旅行计划。同样，我们没有发现这些干预措施的积极作用。在所有研究中，效应大小的范围从Cohen的d = -0.01到d = 0.05。使用感兴趣的研究特定最小效应量进行等效性测试，我们发现，在我们的五个实验中，有四个实验观察到的治疗效果在统计学上等于零（P <0.04）。这些旨在推动通勤行为的功能强大的实验的失败，凸显了改变通勤者行为的难度以及发布无效结果以积累有关如何鼓励可持续旅行的知识的重要性。

更新日期：2019-12-23

点击分享查看原文

点击收藏

阅读更多本刊最新论文