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TBX2-positive cells represent a multi-potent mesenchymal progenitor pool in the developing lung.
Respiratory Research ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-23 , DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1264-y
Irina Wojahn 1 , Timo H Lüdtke 1 , Vincent M Christoffels 2 , Mark-Oliver Trowe 1 , Andreas Kispert 1
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND In the embryonic mammalian lung, mesenchymal cells act both as a signaling center for epithelial proliferation, differentiation and morphogenesis as well as a source for a multitude of differentiated cell types that support the structure of the developing and mature organ. Whether the embryonic pulmonary mesenchyme is a homogenous precursor pool and how it diversifies into different cell lineages is poorly understood. We have previously shown that the T-box transcription factor gene Tbx2 is expressed in the pulmonary mesenchyme of the developing murine lung and is required therein to maintain branching morphogenesis. METHODS We determined Tbx2/TBX2 expression in the developing murine lung by in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence analyses. We used a genetic lineage tracing approach with a Cre line under the control of endogenous Tbx2 control elements (Tbx2cre), and the R26mTmG reporter line to trace TBX2-positive cells in the murine lung. We determined the fate of the TBX2 lineage by co-immunofluorescence analysis of the GFP reporter and differentiation markers in normal murine lungs and in lungs lacking or overexpressing TBX2 in the pulmonary mesenchyme. RESULTS We show that TBX2 is strongly expressed in mesenchymal progenitors in the developing murine lung. In differentiated smooth muscle cells and in fibroblasts, expression of TBX2 is still widespread but strongly reduced. In mesothelial and endothelial cells expression is more variable and scattered. All fetal smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts derive from TBX2+ progenitors, whereas half of the mesothelial cells have a different descent. The fate of TBX2-expressing cells is not changed in Tbx2-deficient and in TBX2-constitutively overexpressing mice but the distribution and abundance of endothelial and smooth muscle cells is changed in the overexpression condition. CONCLUSION The fate of pulmonary mesenchymal progenitors is largely independent of TBX2. Nevertheless, a successive and precisely timed downregulation of TBX2 is necessary to allow proper differentiation and functionality of bronchial smooth muscle cells and to limit endothelial differentiation. Our work suggests expression of TBX2 in an early pulmonary mesenchymal progenitor and supports a role of TBX2 in maintaining the precursor state of these cells.

中文翻译:

TBX2阳性细胞代表发育中的肺中多能的间充质祖细胞。

背景技术在胚胎哺乳动物的肺中,间充质细胞既充当上皮增殖,分化和形态发生的信号中心,又充当支持发育中和成熟器官的结构的多种分化细胞类型的来源。胚胎肺间充质是否是同质的前体库,以及它如何多样化成不同的细胞谱系,人们对此知之甚少。先前我们已经表明,T-box转录因子基因Tbx2在发育中的鼠肺的肺间充质中表达,并且在其中需要维持分支形态发生。方法我们通过原位杂交和免疫荧光分析确定了发育中的鼠肺中Tbx2 / TBX2的表达。我们使用遗传谱系追踪方法,在内源性Tbx2控制元件(Tbx2cre)的控制下使用Cre系,并使用R26mTmG报告基因系在鼠肺中追踪TBX2阳性细胞。我们通过对GFP报道分子和分化标记在正常鼠肺中以及在肺间充质中缺乏或过度表达TBX2的肺中进行共免疫荧光分析,确定了TBX2谱系的命运。结果我们显示,TBX2在发育中的鼠肺中的间充质祖细胞中强烈表达。在分化的平滑肌细胞和成纤维细胞中,TBX2的表达仍很普遍,但强烈降低。在间皮和内皮细胞中表达更加可变和分散。所有胎儿平滑肌细胞,内皮细胞和成纤维细胞均来自TBX2 +祖细胞,而一半的间皮细胞有不同的下降。在缺乏Tbx2的小鼠和组成性TBX2的过表达小鼠中,表达TBX2的细胞的命运并没有改变,但是在过度表达的条件下,内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞的分布和丰度却发生了变化。结论肺间充质祖细胞的命运在很大程度上与TBX2无关。然而,必须连续且精确地定时下调TBX2的下调,以使支气管平滑肌细胞正确分化和发挥功能,并限制内皮细胞的分化。我们的工作表明TBX2在早期肺间充质祖细胞中表达,并支持TBX2在维持这些细胞的前体状态中的作用。在缺乏Tbx2的小鼠和组成性TBX2的过表达小鼠中,表达TBX2的细胞的命运并没有改变,但是在过度表达的条件下,内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞的分布和丰度却发生了变化。结论肺间充质祖细胞的命运在很大程度上与TBX2无关。然而,必须连续且精确地定时下调TBX2,以使支气管平滑肌细胞正确分化和发挥功能,并限制内皮细胞的分化。我们的工作表明TBX2在早期肺间充质祖细胞中表达,并支持TBX2在维持这些细胞的前体状态中的作用。在缺乏Tbx2的小鼠和组成性TBX2的过表达小鼠中,表达TBX2的细胞的命运并没有改变,但是在过度表达的条件下,内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞的分布和丰度却发生了变化。结论肺间充质祖细胞的命运在很大程度上与TBX2无关。然而,必须连续且精确地定时下调TBX2,以使支气管平滑肌细胞正确分化和发挥功能,并限制内皮细胞的分化。我们的工作表明TBX2在早期肺间充质祖细胞中表达,并支持TBX2在维持这些细胞的前体状态中的作用。结论肺间充质祖细胞的命运在很大程度上与TBX2无关。然而,必须连续且精确地定时下调TBX2,以使支气管平滑肌细胞正确分化和发挥功能,并限制内皮细胞的分化。我们的工作表明TBX2在早期肺间充质祖细胞中表达,并支持TBX2在维持这些细胞的前体状态中的作用。结论肺间充质祖细胞的命运在很大程度上与TBX2无关。然而,必须连续且精确地定时下调TBX2,以使支气管平滑肌细胞正确分化和发挥功能,并限制内皮细胞的分化。我们的工作表明TBX2在早期肺间充质祖细胞中表达,并支持TBX2在维持这些细胞的前体状态中的作用。
更新日期:2019-12-23
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