BACKGROUND Maternal undernutrition is highly prevalent in resource-poor settings. Hence, this study was intended to determine factors associated with the dietary practice and nutritional status of pregnant women in Dessie town, northeastern Ethiopia. METHODS Community-based cross-sectional study design was employed. Six hundred four (604) pregnant women have participated. A two-stage sampling method was applied to select participants. Socio-demographic and socio-economic data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. The dietary practice was measured using 13 dietary practice questions. Mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) was measured by standard nonstretchable MUAC tape. Data were entered into Epi-Info 7 and exported to SPSS version 20. Binary and multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted. Variables with P < 0.2 in bivariate analysis were entered for multiple logistic regression. At a 95% confidence interval, variable with 푃< 0.05 in multiple logistic regression analysis was considered statistically significant. RESULT About 54.8% of the pregnant women had poor dietary practice and 19.5% were undernourished. First trimester of pregnancy (AOR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.80), no history of illness 2 weeks before data collection date (AOR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.22, 0.80), poor perceived severity (AOR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.15, 2.33), poor perceived benefits (AOR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.32) and poor self efficacy (AOR = 4.74; 95% CI: 2.94, 7.65) were significantly associated with poor dietary practice. Not attending antenatal care (ANC) (AOR = 3.46; 95% CI: 2.07, 5.78), illness (AOR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.10, 3.5), poor dietary diversity (AOR = 5.92; 95% CI: 3.59, 9.76), poor nutrition knowledge (AOR = 3.03; 95% CI: 1.87, 4.92), poor dietary practice (AOR = 3.25; 95% CI: 1.91, 5.54) and poor perceived self efficacy (AOR = 5.59; 95% CI: 3.56, 8.79) were significantly associated (P < 0.05) with undernutrition. CONCLUSION The dietary practice of pregnant women was suboptimal and nutritional status was relatively high. Being in the first trimester of pregnancy and no history illness were negatively associated while poorly perceived severity to malnutrition, poor perceived benefits, and poor self-efficacy were positively associated with the poor dietary practice. Not attending ANC, history of illness, poor dietary diversity, poor nutritional knowledge, poor dietary practice, poorly perceived self-efficacy were positively associated with undernutrition. Government, health extension workers and other concerned bodies should encourage pregnant women to attend ANC, promote health during pregnancy, strength and counsel to improve dietary diversity and practice of good nutrition. They should focus on the perceived belief of dietary behaviors.

中文翻译：

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埃塞俄比亚东北部Dessie镇与孕妇饮食习惯和营养状况相关的因素：一项基于社区的横断面研究。

背景技术孕产妇营养不良在资源匮乏的环境中非常普遍。因此，本研究旨在确定与埃塞俄比亚东北部Dessie镇孕妇的饮食习惯和营养状况相关的因素。方法采用基于社区的横断面研究设计。六百四十（604）名孕妇参加了活动。采用两阶段抽样方法来选择参与者。社会人口统计学和社会经济数据是使用结构化的访调员管理的调查表收集的。饮食习惯是使用13个饮食习惯问题来衡量的。用标准的不可拉伸的MUAC带测量上臂中上围（MUAC）。将数据输入Epi-Info 7并导出到SPSS版本20。进行了二进制和多逻辑回归分析。在双变量分析中输入P <0.2的变量进行多元逻辑回归。在置信区间为95％的情况下，在多对数回归分析中，푃<0.05的变量被认为具有统计学意义。结果约有54.8％的孕妇饮食习惯不良，营养不良的比例为19.5％。怀孕的前三个月（AOR = 0.46; 95％CI：0.26，0.80），在数据收集日前2周没有病史（AOR = 0.42; 95％CI：0.22，0.80），严重程度较差（AOR = 1.64; 95％CI：1.15、2.33），不良的感知收益（AOR = 1.63； 95％CI：1.14、2.32）和不良自我效能感（AOR = 4.74； 95％CI：2.94、7.65）与不良饮食习惯显着相关。未参加产前保健（ANC）（AOR = 3.46; 95％CI：2.07，5.78），疾病（AOR = 1.93; 95％CI：1.10，3.5），饮食多样性差（AOR = 5。92; 95％CI：3.59，9.76），营养知识不佳（AOR = 3.03; 95％CI：1.87，4.92），饮食习惯不佳（AOR = 3.25; 95％CI：1.91，5.54）和感知到的自我效能不佳（AOR = 5.59； 95％CI：3.56，8.79）与营养不良显着相关（P <0.05）。结论孕妇的饮食习惯不理想，营养状况相对较高。在怀孕的前三个月中，没有病史的发生与负相关，而对营养不良的严重感知，对感知的好处和自我效能较弱则与不良的饮食习惯呈正相关。不参加ANC，病史，饮食多样性差，营养知识差，饮食习惯差，自我效能感差与营养不良呈正相关。政府，保健扩展人员和其他有关机构应鼓励孕妇参加ANC，在怀孕期间促进健康，并提供力量和建议以改善饮食多样性和良好营养习惯。他们应将注意力集中在饮食行为的感知信念上。