BACKGROUND Natural vegetable oils are widely used for newborn massage in many low resource settings. Animal models indicated that sunflower seed oil (SSO) can accelerate skin barrier recovery following damage, while other oils, including mustard oil (MO), may cause further skin barrier damage. The objective was to compare the effects of two SSO and MO used for routine massage on skin integrity in premature and full-term neonates. METHODS This community-based cluster randomized controlled trial included 995 neonates assigned to full body massage with sunflower seed oil (SSO, intervention) or mustard seed oil (MO, standard practice) from July 2012-May 2014 in Sarlahi, Nepal. Skin integrity measures were evaluated over 28 days, including skin condition (erythema, rash, dryness), skin surface pH, stratum corneum (SC) cohesion/protein concentration, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Overall means and rates of change in these skin measures were compared between oil groups using bivariate random-effects models. RESULTS 500 and 495 live born neonates received repeated massage with MO and SSO, respectively. Skin pH decreased more quickly for SSO than MO in the first week of life, with a difference in mean daily reductions of 0.02 (95% CI: 0.002-0.040). Erythema, rash and dryness increased (worsened) over days 1-14 then decreased by day 28, with no significant oil group differences. TEWL increased over time, with no significant oil group differences. Gestational age did not modify the effect; the slightly faster decrease in skin pH among SSO infants was similar in magnitude between term and preterm infants. CONCLUSIONS Oil type may contribute to differences in skin integrity when neonates are massaged regularly. The more rapid acid mantle development observed for SSO may be protective for neonates in lower resource settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01177111); registered August 6th, 2010.

中文翻译：

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葵花籽油与芥末籽油对新生儿皮肤屏障功能的影响：一项基于社区的，集群随机试验。

背景技术天然植物油在许多低资源环境中被广泛用于新生儿按摩。动物模型表明，葵花籽油（SSO）可以促进受损后的皮肤屏障恢复，而其他油，包括芥末油（MO），可能会进一步损害皮肤屏障。目的是比较用于常规按摩的两种SSO和MO对早产和足月新生儿的皮肤完整性的影响。方法这项基于社区的整群随机对照试验包括995名新生儿，他们于2012年7月至2014年5月在尼泊尔的Sarlahi接受向日葵籽油（SSO，干预）或芥菜籽油（MO，标准做法）全身按摩。在28天内评估了皮肤完整性指标，包括皮肤状况（红斑，皮疹，干燥），皮肤表面pH值，角质层（SC）内聚力/蛋白质浓度，和表皮失水（TEWL）。使用双变量随机效应模型比较了油类之间这些皮肤测量值的总体平均值和变化率。结果分别有500名和495名活产新生儿接受了MO和SSO的反复按摩。在生命的第一周，SSO的皮肤pH下降速度比MO更快，平均每日下降的差异为0.02（95％CI：0.002-0.040）。红斑，皮疹和干燥在第1-14天增加（变差），然后在第28天减少，并且没有明显的油脂组差异。TEWL随着时间的推移而增加，没有明显的油基差异。胎龄未改变影响；在足月和早产儿中，SSO婴儿中皮肤pH值的下降速度较快，幅度相似。结论定期按摩新生儿时，油脂类型可能会导致皮肤完整性差异。在较低的资源环境下，观察到的SSO酸披风发展更快，可能对新生儿具有保护作用。试验注册ClinicalTrials.gov（NCT01177111）; 于2010年8月6日注册。