Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is a bedside, low-cost, and non-invasive technique able to evaluate cerebral hemodynamics [1]; the implementation of transcranial color-coded duplex sonography (TCCS) aids in evaluating the brain anatomy and intracranial lesions [2], real-time monitoring of “basic” (flow velocity (FV) and pulsatility index (PI)) as well as “advanced” TCD-derived parameters (Table 1; Fig. 1). In practice, we use a 2-MHz probe, and most information is obtained by insonating the middle cerebral artery through the temporal window; other windows include the transorbital, occipital, and submandibular windows. TCCD has the advantage to provide a direct visualization of the cerebral anatomy vessels and allow angle correction to assess FV [2]. TCD/TCCD practice is part of the standard training in our institution, and examinations are routinely performed by the medical staff. Table 1 Common parameters derived from transcranial Doppler

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我如何使用经颅多普勒

经颅多普勒 (TCD) 是一种能够评估脑血流动力学的床边、低成本和非侵入性技术 [1]；经颅彩色编码双工超声 (TCCS) 的实施有助于评估脑解剖结构和颅内病变 [2]，实时监测“基本”（流速 (FV) 和搏动指数 (PI)）以及“高级”TCD 衍生参数（表 1；图 1）。在实践中，我们使用 2-MHz 探头，大部分信息是通过通过颞窗对大脑中动脉进行声波获得的；其他窗口包括经眶、枕骨和下颌下窗口。TCCD 的优势在于提供大脑解剖血管的直接可视化，并允许角度校正以评估 FV [2]。TCD/TCCD 实践是我们机构标准培训的一部分，并且检查是由医务人员例行进行的。表 1 经颅多普勒的常用参数