Abstract Cotton fibers/polyaniline (PANI) composites were prepared by in situ polymerization acting as flexible sensors in order to avoid the waste brought by traditional sensing substrates. The uniform coating of PANI endowed the cotton strip loaded with PANI sensor (CSPS) and cotton yarn loaded with PANI sensor (CYPS) with good mechanical, electromagnetic shielding and gas sensing properties. Both CSPS and CYPS show high selectivity to NH3, high resistance to humidity and good repeatability between sensors. Compared with the strip shaped CSPS, quasi-one-dimensional CYPS shows higher sensitivity, faster response and recovery speed due to the higher surface exposure rate. The response of CYPS to 100 ppm NH3 increased from −32.1% of CSPS to −92.1%, and the recovery time was shortened from 30.1 s of CSPS to 20.1 s. In addition, quasi-one-dimensional CYPS also displayed the stability of sensing signals against mechanical bending from 0° to 60° and the change of effective sensing length. Importantly, the research has endowed cotton fibers with new diversified functions and expanded their application field.

中文翻译：

---

柔性棉纤维/聚苯胺复合材料的机械、电磁屏蔽和气敏性能

摘要 为了避免传统传感基材带来的浪费，通过原位聚合制备棉纤维/聚苯胺（PANI）复合材料作为柔性传感器。PANI 的均匀涂层赋予了装有 PANI 传感器 (CSPS) 的棉条和装有 PANI 传感器 (CYPS) 的棉纱具有良好的机械、电磁屏蔽和气敏性能。CSPS 和 CYPS 均显示出对 NH3 的高选择性、高耐湿性和传感器之间良好的重复性。与条形CSPS相比，准一维CYPS由于更高的表面暴露率而表现出更高的灵敏度、更快的响应和恢复速度。CYPS 对 100 ppm NH3 的响应从 CSPS 的 -32.1% 增加到 -92.1%，恢复时间从 CSPS 的 30.1 s 缩短到 20.1 s。此外，准一维CYPS还显示了传感信号对0°到60°机械弯曲的稳定性和有效传感长度的变化。重要的是，该研究赋予棉纤维新的多样化功能，扩大了其应用领域。