The required long life-cycle of an electric vehicle creates higher demands on the performance and safety of lithium-ion traction batteries over their whole lives. Studies of the life cycle safety of a traction battery must consider all factors of the battery and analyze the complex structure–activity relationship. In this article, we present the analysis of the aging process of a commercialized traction battery using electrochemical methods. Lithium plating on the surface of the anode occurred during the cycling of the battery. Furthermore, the analysis of the electrochemical properties and structural evolution in the materials of the cathode and anode showed that the different decay rates of the cathode and anode are the key factors leading to lithium plating during the aging process, which creates safety hazards during the use of the traction battery.

电动汽车所需的较长生命周期对锂离子牵引电池的整个使用寿命提出了更高的性能和安全性要求。对牵引电池生命周期安全性的研究必须考虑电池的所有因素，并分析复杂的结构与活动之间的关系。在本文中，我们介绍了使用电化学方法对商业化牵引电池老化过程的分析。在电池循环期间，在阳极表面上发生锂电镀。此外，对正极和负极材料的电化学性质和结构演变的分析表明，正极和负极的不同衰减速率是导致锂离子在时效过程中发生电镀的关键因素，