Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines protect against infections with the most oncogenic HPV types, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. We investigated whether development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions in HPV-vaccinated women is associated with vaccine-targeted HPV types or not. Linkage of the Swedish vaccination and cervical screening registries identified all females born 1980-2000 who had been HPV vaccinated before December 31, 2014 (n = 305,320) and had attended cervical screening in 2006-2018 (n = 79,491). We further selected women HPV vaccinated below 17 years of age and screened in the capital region (n = 5,874). Among those, 125 developed CIN and had a cervical cryopreserved sample available (42.5% of all eligible CIN cases). After 1:2 matching to disease-free HPV vaccinated controls (n = 242), samples were analyzed for HPV DNA and associations between HPV type and CIN diagnosis were estimated with conditional logistic regression. Vaccine-targeted HPV types were rare among both CIN cases (2.4% HPV16, 0.8% HPV18) and their matched controls (0.4% HPV16 and 18). No woman had HPV6 or 11. The CIN lesions were associated with the nonvaccine HPV types 31, 33, 42, 45, 51, 52, 56, 59 and 66. CIN lesions among young HPV vaccinated women are mostly attributable to infection with nonvaccine HPV types. The phenomenon may be important for surveillance and design of cervical cancer control strategies.

中文翻译：

---

年轻人接受HPV疫苗接种的女性宫颈发育不良中的人乳头瘤病毒类型：基于人群的巢式病例对照研究。

人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗可预防大多数致癌HPV类型，宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）和宫颈癌的感染。我们调查了接种HPV的女性宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）病变的发展是否与疫苗靶向的HPV类型相关。瑞典疫苗接种和子宫颈筛查注册表之间的联系确定了所有1980-2000年出生的女性，这些女性在2014年12月31日之前接受过HPV疫苗接种（n = 305,320），并在2006-2018年参加过宫颈癌筛查（n = 79,491）。我们进一步选择了在17岁以下接种疫苗的HPV女性，并在首都地区进行了筛查（n = 5,874）。在这些患者中，有125例发展为CIN并有宫颈冷冻保存的样本（占所有合格CIN病例的42.5％）。与无病的HPV疫苗接种对照（n = 242）1：2匹配后，分析样本中的HPV DNA，并通过条件Logistic回归评估HPV类型与CIN诊断之间的关联。在两种CIN病例（2.4％HPV16、0.8％HPV18）及其配对对照（0.4％HPV16和18）中，以疫苗为靶标的HPV类型均很少见。没有女性感染过HPV6或11。CIN病变与非疫苗型HPV 31、33、42、45、51、52、56、59和66相关。在接种过HPV的年轻女性中，CIN病变主要归因于非疫苗型HPV的感染。类型。该现象对于宫颈癌控制策略的监测和设计可能很重要。4％HPV16和18）。没有女性感染过HPV6或11。CIN病变与非疫苗型HPV 31、33、42、45、51、52、56、59和66相关。在接种过HPV的年轻女性中，CIN病变主要归因于非疫苗型HPV的感染。类型。该现象对于宫颈癌控制策略的监测和设计可能很重要。4％HPV16和18）。没有女性感染过HPV6或11。CIN病变与非疫苗型HPV 31、33、42、45、51、52、56、59和66相关。在接种过HPV的年轻女性中，CIN病变主要归因于非疫苗型HPV的感染。类型。该现象对于宫颈癌控制策略的监测和设计可能很重要。